Hyphenation ofвысокочувствительные
Syllable Division:
вы-со-ко-чув-стви-тель-ные
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/vɨsɐˈkɔt͡ɕʉstvʲɪˈtʲelʲnɨjɪ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0001100
Primary stress falls on the fifth syllable ('стви').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, onset 'в', nucleus 'ы'
Open syllable, onset 'с', nucleus 'о' (reduced)
Open syllable, onset 'к', nucleus 'о' (reduced)
Open syllable, onset 'ч', nucleus 'у', palatalization
Open syllable, onset 'ст', nucleus 'и', palatalization
Open syllable, onset 'т', nucleus 'е', palatalization
Open syllable, onset 'н', nucleus 'ы' (reduced)
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: вы-
Proto-Slavic origin, intensifier
Root: чувств-
Proto-Slavic origin, related to 'чувствовать' (to feel)
Suffix: -и-тельн-ые
Connecting vowel, adjective-forming suffix, plural marker
Having a great capacity for feeling or perception; easily affected.
Translation: Highly sensitive
Examples:
"Высокочувствительные приборы"
"Она была высокочувствительной личностью"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar CV syllable structure and morphological complexity.
Similar CV syllable structure and presence of consonant clusters.
Similar CV syllable structure and vowel reduction patterns.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Onset-Rime
Syllables are divided based on the sonority hierarchy, with consonants forming the onset and vowels forming the nucleus.
Vowel Reduction
Unstressed vowels are reduced in quality, affecting their phonetic realization.
Palatalization
Consonants preceding palatal vowels become palatalized.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction is a consistent feature of Russian pronunciation.
Palatalization of consonants is crucial for accurate pronunciation.
The cluster 'ств' is a common morphological feature and doesn't pose a syllabification challenge.
Summary:
The word 'высокочувствительные' is syllabified into seven syllables based on the onset-rime principle, with vowel reduction and palatalization playing key roles. The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable. The word is morphologically complex, consisting of a prefix, root, and multiple suffixes.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "высокочувствительные" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "высокочувствительные" (vysokochuvstvitel'nye) is a Russian adjective meaning "highly sensitive." It's a relatively long word with a complex structure, featuring prefixes, a root, and multiple suffixes. Pronunciation involves palatalization and vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word is divided as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: вы- (vy-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Prefix indicating a high degree or intensity.
- Root: -чувств- (-chuvstv-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic *čьstvъ, related to "чувствовать" (chuvstvovat') - "to feel". Function: Core meaning related to feeling, sensation.
- Suffixes: -и- (-i-) - connecting vowel; -тельн- (-tel'n-) - suffix forming adjectives from verbs; -ые (-ye) - plural, nominative/accusative masculine/neuter.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: вы-со-ко-чув-стви́-тель-ные.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/vɨsɐˈkɔt͡ɕʉstvʲɪˈtʲelʲnɨjɪ/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, including IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Rule Application | Exceptions/Special Cases |
|---|---|---|---|
| вы | /vɨ/ | Onset-Rime: 'в' is the onset, 'ы' is the nucleus. Syllable weight: Light. | |
| со | /sɐ/ | Onset-Rime: 'с' is the onset, 'о' is the nucleus. Syllable weight: Light. Vowel reduction applies. | |
| ко | /kɔ/ | Onset-Rime: 'к' is the onset, 'о' is the nucleus. Syllable weight: Light. Vowel reduction applies. | |
| чув | /t͡ɕʉ/ | Onset-Rime: 'ч' is the onset, 'у' is the nucleus. Syllable weight: Light. Palatalization of 'ч'. | |
| стви | /stvʲɪ/ | Onset-Rime: 'ст' is the onset, 'и' is the nucleus. Syllable weight: Light. Palatalization of 'т'. | |
| тель | /tʲelʲ/ | Onset-Rime: 'т' is the onset, 'е' is the nucleus. Syllable weight: Light. Palatalization of 'т'. | |
| ные | /nɨjɪ/ | Onset-Rime: 'н' is the onset, 'ы' is the nucleus. Syllable weight: Light. Vowel reduction applies. |
Rules Applied:
- Onset-Rime: The most fundamental rule, dividing syllables based on sonority hierarchy. Consonants form the onset, and vowels form the nucleus.
- Syllable Weight: Russian syllables are generally light (CV).
- Vowel Reduction: Unstressed vowels are reduced in quality (e.g., 'о' becomes 'ɐ').
- Palatalization: Consonants preceding palatal vowels (е, ё, и, ю, я) become palatalized.
7. Edge Case Review:
The cluster 'ств' is a common occurrence in Russian morphology and doesn't present a significant syllabification challenge. The vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a consistent feature.
8. Grammatical Role:
As an adjective, the syllabification remains consistent. If used as part of a compound noun, the stress might shift, but the syllable division would largely remain the same.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: высокочувствительные (vysokochuvstvitel'nye)
- Translation: Highly sensitive
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Synonyms: восприимчивые (vospriimchivye), чувствительные (chuvstvitel'nye)
- Antonyms: нечувствительные (nechuvstvitel'nye), равнодушные (ravnodushnye)
- Examples:
- "Высокочувствительные приборы" - "Highly sensitive instruments."
- "Она была высокочувствительной личностью" - "She was a highly sensitive person."
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Minor regional variations in vowel reduction might exist, but the core syllabification remains consistent.
11. Phonological Comparison:
| Word | Syllables | Syllable Structure |
|---|---|---|
| возможность (vozmozhnost') | воз-мож-ность | CV-CVC-CV |
| ответственность (otvetstvennost') | от-вет-ствен-ность | CV-CVC-CVC-CV |
| действительно (deystvitel'no) | дей-стви-тель-но | CV-CVC-CVC-CV |
"высокочувствительные" shares a similar CV-based syllable structure with these words. The presence of consonant clusters (ств, тл) is common in Russian and doesn't significantly alter the syllabification process. The key difference lies in the length and number of syllables.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.