Hyphenation ofгеохронологическому
Syllable Division:
ге-ох-ро-но-ло-ги-че-ско-му
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ɡʲe.ɐx.rɐ.nɐ.ləˈɡʲit͡ɕɪ.skə.mʊ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000001000
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('ги').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Stressed, open syllable, palatalization.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, consonant cluster.
Closed syllable, final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: гео-
From Greek γῆ (gê) meaning 'earth', denoting relating to the Earth.
Root: хрон-
From Greek χρόνος (khronos) meaning 'time', forming the core meaning related to time.
Suffix: -ому
Dative singular ending for masculine/neuter adjectives.
Relating to geochronology, the science of dating geological events.
Translation: Geochronological
Examples:
"Геохронологическому исследованию подверглись образцы горных пород."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar morphological structure with multiple suffixes.
Similar morphological structure with multiple suffixes and consonant clusters.
Similar morphological structure with multiple suffixes and consonant clusters.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Preference
Russian syllabification prioritizes creating open syllables (ending in a vowel) whenever possible.
Sonority Hierarchy
Consonant clusters are broken up based on the sonority hierarchy, generally separating consonants with lower sonority from those with higher sonority.
Palatalization
Consonants are palatalized before 'е' and 'и', influencing syllable boundaries.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The palatalization of 'г' before 'е' and 'и' is a standard phonetic process and doesn't affect the core syllabification rules.
Consonant clusters are common in Russian morphology and are handled by dividing after each consonant.
Summary:
The word 'геохронологическому' is a complex Russian adjective syllabified based on open syllable preference and sonority hierarchy. Stress falls on the penultimate syllable. It's morphologically composed of a Greek-derived prefix, root, and several suffixes. Syllabification is consistent with similar words in Russian.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "геохронологическому" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "геохронологическому" is a complex adjective in Russian, meaning "geochronological" (dative singular, masculine/neuter). It's formed from several morphemes and presents challenges in syllabification due to consonant clusters. The pronunciation involves a relatively standard Russian vowel system and palatalization of consonants before 'е'.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize open syllables (ending in a vowel) whenever possible, and considering the sonority hierarchy, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: гео- (geo-) - From Greek γῆ (gê) meaning "earth". Denotes relating to the Earth.
- Root: хрон- (khron-) - From Greek χρόνος (khronos) meaning "time". Forms the core meaning related to time.
- Suffix: -олог- (-olog-) - From Greek -λόγος (-logos) meaning "study of", "discourse on". Indicates a field of study.
- Suffix: -ическ- (-ichesk-) - A common adjectival suffix in Russian, often indicating belonging to or relating to a field.
- Suffix: -ому (-omu) - Dative singular ending for masculine/neuter adjectives.
4. Stress Identification:
The stress falls on the penultimate syllable (second to last).
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ɡʲe.ɐx.rɐ.nɐ.ləˈɡʲit͡ɕɪ.skə.mʊ/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
- ге (ge): /ɡʲe/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by a consonant. Exception: 'г' is palatalized before 'е'.
- ох (okh): /ɐx/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by a consonant.
- ро (ro): /rɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by a consonant.
- но (no): /nɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by a consonant.
- ло (lo): /lə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by a consonant.
- ги (gi): /ˈɡʲit͡ɕɪ/ - Stressed syllable. Rule: Vowel preceded by a palatalized consonant. The 'г' is palatalized before 'и'.
- че (che): /t͡ɕɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel preceded by a consonant.
- ско (sko): /skə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel preceded by a consonant cluster.
- му (mu): /mʊ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant followed by a vowel.
7. Edge Case Review:
The consonant clusters "хрон" and "гическ" are typical of Russian morphology and don't present exceptional syllabification challenges. The palatalization of 'г' before 'е' and 'и' is a standard phonetic process.
8. Grammatical Role:
The syllabification remains consistent regardless of whether the word is used as an adjective in different cases. The stress position remains fixed on the penultimate syllable.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: геохронологическому
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Definitions:
- Definition: Relating to geochronology, the science of dating geological events.
- Translation: Geochronological
- Synonyms: (None readily available as a direct synonym)
- Antonyms: (None readily available)
- Examples: "Геохронологическому исследованию подверглись образцы горных пород." (Geochronological studies were conducted on rock samples.)
- Grammatical Category: Adjective, Dative Singular, Masculine/Neuter
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction in unstressed syllables. However, these variations wouldn't significantly alter the syllable division.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- биологическому (biologicheskomu): bi-o-lo-gi-che-sko-mu. Similar structure with multiple suffixes. Syllabification follows the same open syllable preference.
- психологическому (psikhologicheskomu): psikh-o-lo-gi-che-sko-mu. Similar to "геохронологическому" in terms of suffixation and consonant clusters.
- физиологическому (fiziologicheskomu): fi-zi-o-lo-gi-che-sko-mu. Again, a parallel structure, demonstrating consistent syllabification rules for words with this morphological pattern. The key difference is the initial consonant cluster, which is handled by dividing after each consonant.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.