Hyphenation ofдевяностоградусному

Linguistic Analysis of "девяностоградусному" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "девяностоградусному" is an adjective in the dative singular case, meaning "to a ninety-degree [one]". It's a complex word formed by compounding and inflection. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

де-вя-но-сто-гра-дус-но-му

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• девяносто- (devyanosto-): Prefix meaning "ninety". Origin: Proto-Slavic *devętь (nine) + *desętь (ten).
• градус- (gradus-): Root meaning "degree". Origin: Latin gradus (step, degree).
• -но- (-no-): Linking vowel, common in compound words.
• -му (-mu): Dative singular ending for masculine/neuter adjectives. Origin: Proto-Slavic case ending.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the syllable "гра" (gra) in "гра-дус-но-му".

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/dʲɪvʲɪˈno̞stə ɡrɐˈdusnəmʊ/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets, but vowel reduction significantly impacts perceived syllable boundaries. The linking vowel "-но-" is a common feature in compound words and doesn't typically form a separate syllable.

7. Grammatical Role:

As an adjective, the syllabification remains consistent across different contexts. However, if the word were hypothetically used as a noun (though rare), the stress might shift, potentially affecting the perceived prominence of certain syllables.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: девяностоградусному (devyanostogradusnomu)
• Grammatical Category: Adjective
• Translation: to a ninety-degree (one), to a right-angled (one)
• Synonyms: прямоугольному (pryamougol'nomu - to a rectangular one)
• Antonyms: остроугольному (ostrougol'nomu - to an acute-angled one)
• Examples:
  • "Угол девяностоградусному." (Ugol devyanostogradusnomu.) - "The angle is ninety degrees."
  • "Он повернул лист бумаги девяностоградусному." (On povernul list bumagi devyanostogradusnomu.) - "He turned the sheet of paper ninety degrees."

9. Phonological Comparison:

• стоградусному (stogradusnomu) - /stəɡrɐˈdusnəmʊ/ - Syllable division: сто-гра-дус-но-му. Similar structure, demonstrating the consistent syllabification of "градус-" and the dative ending.
• шестидесятиградусному (shestidesyatigradusnomu) - /ʂɨsʲtʲɪdʲɪˈsʲætʲɪɡrɐˈdusnəmʊ/ - Syllable division: шес-ти-де-ся-ти-гра-дус-но-му. Longer prefix, but the core "градус-" remains consistent.
• восьмидесятиградусному (vos'midesyatigradusnomu) - /vɐˈsʲmʲɪdʲɪˈsʲætʲɪɡrɐˈdusnəmʊ/ - Syllable division: вось-ми-де-ся-ти-гра-дус-но-му. Similar to the previous example, showing the consistent treatment of the root and suffix.

10. Division Rules:

• Onset Maximization: Russian tends to maximize onsets, meaning consonants are generally assigned to the following vowel.
• Vowel-Based Division: Syllables are typically centered around vowels.
• Compound Word Syllabification: Compound words are syllabified based on the individual morphemes, with linking vowels often not forming separate syllables.
• Inflectional Endings: Inflectional endings are generally treated as separate syllables if they contain a vowel.

11. Special Considerations:

Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor. The "о" in "девяносто" is reduced to /ə/ or /ɐ/ in unstressed positions. The linking vowel "-но-" is a special case, often not forming a distinct syllable.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Regional variations in vowel reduction might exist, but the core syllabification remains consistent. Some speakers might pronounce the "в" in "девяносто" more distinctly, but this doesn't alter the syllable division.