Hyphenation ofдорожно-технический

Russian Word Analysis: дорожно-технический (dorozhno-tekhnicheskiy)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "дорожно-технический" (dorozhno-tekhnicheskiy) is a complex adjective meaning "road-technical" or "relating to road engineering." It's formed by compounding and affixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• дорож- (dorozh-) - Root. Origin: Proto-Slavic dъrga, meaning "road, way." Morphological function: Denotes the concept of "road."
• -н- (-n-) - Linking consonant. Morphological function: Connects the root to the following element.
• -о- (-o-) - Linking vowel. Morphological function: Connects the root to the following element.
• -технич- (tekhnich-) - Root. Origin: From Greek τέχνη (tékhnē), meaning "art, skill, craft." Morphological function: Denotes the concept of "technical."
• -еск- (-esk-) - Suffix. Origin: From French -esque. Morphological function: Forms adjectives denoting a quality or characteristic related to the root.
• -ий (-iy) - Suffix. Origin: Slavic. Morphological function: Forms a qualitative adjective.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the third syllable: тех-ни́-че-ский.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/dɐˈroʐnə tʲɪxˈnʲit͡ɕɪskʲɪj/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• до /dɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division generally occurs before a vowel. Exception: None.
• рож /roʐ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs after a consonant if it cannot begin a syllable.
• но /nə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel.
• тех /tʲɪx/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division after a consonant cluster.
• ни /nʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel.
• чес /t͡ɕes/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division after a consonant.
• кий /kʲɪj/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division after a consonant.

7. Edge Case Review:

The compound nature of the word presents a slight complexity. However, the syllabification follows standard rules for both roots and suffixes. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a key feature of Russian pronunciation and affects the phonetic realization of the syllables.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• дорожно-технический (dorozhno-tekhnicheskiy)
  • Part of Speech: Adjective
  • Definitions:
    • Relating to road engineering; road-technical.
    • Concerning the technical aspects of roads.
  • Translation: Road-technical
  • Synonyms: транспортный (transportnyy - transport), автомобильный (avtomobil'nyy - automotive)
  • Antonyms: нетехнический (netekhnicheskiy - non-technical)
  • Examples:
    • "дорожно-технические требования" (dorozhno-tekhnicheskiye trebovaniya) - "road-technical requirements"
    • "дорожно-техническая экспертиза" (dorozhno-tekhnicheskaya ekspertiza) - "road-technical expertise"

10. Alternative Pronunciations & Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed above, slight regional variations in vowel reduction might occur. However, these variations do not significantly alter the syllable division.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• машиностроение (mashinostroyeniye) - "machine building" - Syllables: ма-ши-но-стро-е-ни-е. Similar structure with compound roots and suffixes.
• электротехнический (elektrotekhnicheskiy) - "electrical engineering" - Syllables: э-лек-тро-тех-ни-че-ский. Similar structure, demonstrating consistent syllabification of "технический."
• автомобилестроение (avtomobilestroyeniye) - "automobile building" - Syllables: ав-то-мо-би-ле-стро-е-ни-е. Demonstrates the consistent application of syllable division rules in complex words.

The differences in syllable count are due to the varying lengths of the root morphemes. However, the underlying principles of syllable division remain consistent across these words.