Hyphenation ofкардиоревматологическая
Syllable Division:
кар-ди-о-рев-ма-то-ло-ги-че-ская
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/kɐrʲdʲɪɐrʲɪvʲmɐtɐlɐˈɡʲit͡ɕɪskəjə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
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Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('ги' in 'логи́ческая').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, onset 'к', rime 'ар'
Open syllable, onset 'дʲ', rime 'и'
Vowel-only syllable
Closed syllable, onset 'рʲ', rime 'ев'
Open syllable, onset 'м', rime 'а'
Open syllable, onset 'т', rime 'о'
Open syllable, onset 'л', rime 'о'
Open syllable, onset 'гʲ', rime 'и'
Open syllable, onset 'ч', rime 'е'
Closed syllable, onset 'с', rime 'кая'
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: кардио-
From Greek *kardia* (heart), combining form.
Root: ревматолог-
From Greek *rheuma* (flow) and *logos* (study), denoting the study of rheumatic diseases.
Suffix: -ическая
Slavic adjectival suffix.
Relating to both cardiology and rheumatology.
Translation: Cardio-rheumatological
Examples:
"кардиоревматологическая клиника"
"кардиоревматологическая проблема"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the 'кардио-' prefix and similar vowel patterns.
Shares the 'ревмато-' root and similar syllable structure.
Demonstrates a similar pattern of alternating consonant-vowel syllables.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Onset-Rime
Syllables are divided based on the onset (initial consonant(s)) and rime (vowel and any following consonants).
Vowel as Syllable
Single vowels often form their own syllables.
Consonant Clusters
Consonant clusters are generally broken down based on sonority, but often remain within the rime.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a common feature of Russian pronunciation.
Palatalization of consonants before 'и' and 'е'.
Affricates like 'ч' are treated as single onsets.
Summary:
The word 'кардиоревматологическая' is a complex adjective derived from Greek and Slavic roots. It is divided into ten syllables, with primary stress on the penultimate syllable. Syllabification follows the onset-rime principle, with consideration for vowel reduction and consonant palatalization.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "кардиоревматологическая" (kardiorevmatologicheskaya)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "кардиоревматологическая" is a complex adjective in Russian, relating to cardiology and rheumatology. Its pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of the language.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: кардио- (kardio-) - From Greek kardia (heart). Function: Combining form denoting relation to the heart.
- Root: ревматолог- (revmatolog-) - From Greek rheuma (flow) and logos (study). Function: Denotes the study of rheumatic diseases.
- Suffix: -ическая (-icheskaya) - Slavic suffix forming adjectives. Function: Adjectival marker, indicating belonging to or relating to.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: кардиоревматологи́ческая.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/kɐrʲdʲɪɐrʲɪvʲmɐtɐlɐˈɡʲit͡ɕɪskəjə/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Rule Application | Exceptions/Special Cases |
|---|---|---|---|
| кар | /kɐr/ | Onset-Rime: 'к' is the onset, 'ар' is the rime. Syllable structure is (C)V(C). | 'р' can sometimes form a syllable on its own after a vowel, but here it's part of the rime. |
| ди | /dʲɪ/ | Onset-Rime: 'д' is the onset, 'и' is the rime. Palatalization of 'д' due to following 'и'. Syllable structure is (C)V. | |
| о | /ɐ/ | Vowel as a syllable. Syllable structure is V. | Vowel reduction is common in unstressed syllables. |
| рев | /rʲɪv/ | Onset-Rime: 'р' is the onset, 'ев' is the rime. Palatalization of 'р' due to following 'е'. Syllable structure is (C)V(C). | 'в' can sometimes form a syllable on its own, but here it's part of the rime. |
| ма | /mɐ/ | Onset-Rime: 'м' is the onset, 'а' is the rime. Syllable structure is (C)V. | Vowel reduction in unstressed position. |
| то | /tɐ/ | Onset-Rime: 'т' is the onset, 'о' is the rime. Syllable structure is (C)V. | Vowel reduction in unstressed position. |
| ло | /lɐ/ | Onset-Rime: 'л' is the onset, 'о' is the rime. Syllable structure is (C)V. | Vowel reduction in unstressed position. |
| ги | /ɡʲɪ/ | Onset-Rime: 'г' is the onset, 'и' is the rime. Palatalization of 'г' due to following 'и'. Syllable structure is (C)V. | |
| че | /t͡ɕɪ/ | Onset-Rime: 'ч' is the onset, 'е' is the rime. Syllable structure is (C)V. | 'ч' is an affricate, treated as a single onset. |
| ская | /skəjə/ | Onset-Rime: 'с' is the onset, 'кая' is the rime. Syllable structure is (C)V(C)(C). |
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian allows for some flexibility in syllabification, particularly with consonant clusters. However, the above breakdown adheres to the most common and accepted rules.
8. Grammatical Role:
As an adjective, the word's stress pattern remains consistent. If it were to be declined, the stress would remain on the penultimate syllable.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to both cardiology (the study of the heart) and rheumatology (the study of rheumatic diseases).
- Translation: Cardio-rheumatological
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Synonyms: (None readily available as a single-word equivalent)
- Antonyms: (Difficult to define a direct antonym)
- Examples: "кардиоревматологическая клиника" (cardio-rheumatological clinic), "кардиоревматологическая проблема" (cardio-rheumatological problem).
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Minor variations in vowel reduction might occur depending on the speaker's dialect. However, the core syllabification remains consistent.
11. Phonological Comparison:
| Word | Syllables | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| кардиология (kardiologiya) | кар-ди-о-ло-ги-я | Similar prefix 'кардио-' and vowel patterns. |
| ревматизм (revmatizm) | рев-ма-тизм | Shares the root 'ревмато-' and similar syllable structure. |
| физиотерапия (fizioterapiya) | фи-зи-о-те-ра-пи-я | Demonstrates a similar pattern of alternating consonant-vowel syllables. |
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