Hyphenation ofконтрассигнированный

Linguistic Analysis of "контрассигнированный" (kontrassignirovannyj)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "контрассигнированный" (kontrassignirovannyj) is a relatively complex, multi-syllabic adjective in Russian. It's formed through a series of prefixes and suffixes attached to a root. Pronunciation involves careful attention to consonant clusters and vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, typical of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters): кон-трас-сиг-ни-ро-ван-ный

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: контр- (kontr-) - From French "contre" (against), ultimately from Latin "contra". Function: Denotes opposition or counteraction.
• Root: -сигн- (-sign-) - From Latin "signum" (sign, mark). Function: Carries the core meaning related to signing or marking.
• Suffixes:
  • -ирован- (-irovan-) - A passive participle suffix, indicating a completed action performed on the subject. Derived from the verb "ировать" (irovat'), which itself is a borrowing from French "-er".
  • -ный (-nyj) - Adjectival suffix, forming a relative adjective.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: кон-трас-сиг-ни-ро-ван-ный.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/kənˈtrasʲɪɡnʲɪrəvənːɨj/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally favors open syllables (ending in a vowel). However, consonant clusters are common, and the rules prioritize keeping affixes intact. The "сс" cluster is treated as a single consonant sound in pronunciation, but remains separate in the orthographic syllable division.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: "Контрассигнированный" means "countersigned" or "with a countersignature." It describes a document or action that has been verified by a second signature, often as a form of confirmation or authorization.
• Grammatical Category: Adjective (прилагательное)
• Translation: Countersigned
• Synonyms: Подписанный повторно (podpísannyj povtórno - signed again), заверенный (zaverennyj - certified)
• Antonyms: Неподписанный (nepodpísannyj - unsigned)
• Examples:
  • "Контрассигнированный документ был принят." (Kontrassignirovannyj dokument byl prinyat. - The countersigned document was accepted.)
  • "Ему потребовалось контрассигнировать заявление." (Yemu potrebovalos' kontrassignirovat' zayavleniye. - He was required to countersign the statement.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• информированный (informirovannyj): ин-фор-ми-ро-ван-ный. Similar structure with the "-ирован-" suffix. Stress falls on the fourth syllable.
• сформированный (sformirovannyj): с-фор-ми-ро-ван-ный. Also uses "-ирован-", stress on the fourth syllable.
• подписанный (podpisannyj): под-пи-сан-ный. Simpler structure, but demonstrates the "-анный" suffix. Stress on the third syllable.

The consistent use of the "-ирован-" and "-анный" suffixes dictates the syllable division pattern. The initial consonant clusters (like "контр-" and "с-") are treated as single onsets for the first syllable.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Vowel-Based Division: Syllables are generally formed around vowels.
• Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Handling: Consonant clusters are often broken after the first consonant, unless they form a recognizable affix.
• Rule 3: Affix Integrity: Prefixes and suffixes are kept intact within a syllable.
• Rule 4: Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables tend to follow a sonority hierarchy, with more sonorous sounds (vowels, liquids) forming the syllable peak.

11. Special Considerations:

The "сс" cluster in "контрасс-" is a potential point of variation in pronunciation, sometimes being palatalized. However, the orthographic syllable division remains consistent.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed above, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization of consonants. These variations would not significantly alter the syllable division.