Hyphenation ofнедоброжелательность

Linguistic Analysis of "недоброжелательность" (nedobrozhelatel'nost')

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "недоброжелательность" (nedobrozhelatel'nost') is a noun meaning "ill-will," "malice," or "unfriendliness." It's a relatively long word formed through extensive prefixation and suffixation. Pronunciation involves a complex interplay of vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, palatalization of consonants before 'e', and the typical Russian stress pattern.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

не-доб-ро-же-ла-тель-но-сть

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: не- (ne-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Negation.
• Root: добро- (dobro-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: "good," "kind."
• Suffix: -жела- (-zhela-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Forms a verbal adjective meaning "desiring" or "willing."
• Suffix: -тель- (-tel'-) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Forms a noun denoting an agent or someone who performs the action.
• Suffix: -но- (-no-) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Connective suffix, often used before -сть.
• Suffix: -сть (-st') - Origin: Slavic. Function: Forms an abstract noun.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: не-доб-ро-же-ла́-тель-но-сть.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/nʲɪˈdobrɐʐɨˈlʲatʲɪlʲˈnɔstʲ/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets, but vowel reduction in unstressed syllables significantly impacts the perceived phonetic structure. The 'o' in "добро" is reduced to /ɐ/ in the unstressed syllable. The palatalization of consonants before 'e' and 'и' is crucial.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is primarily a noun. While it's derived from a verbal root ("желать" - to wish), the addition of suffixes transforms it into a noun denoting a quality or state. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Ill-will, malice, unfriendliness, hostility.
• Part of Speech: Noun (feminine)
• Translation: Ill-will, malice, unfriendliness
• Synonyms: злоба (zloba - rage), враждебность (vrazhdebnost' - hostility), неприязнь (nepriyazn' - dislike)
• Antonyms: доброжелательность (dobrozhelatel'nost' - friendliness), любовь (lyubov' - love)
• Examples:
  • "Он испытывал к нему чувство недоброжелательности." (On ispytyval k nemu chuvstvo nedobrozhelatel'nosti.) - He felt ill-will towards him.
  • "Её недоброжелательность была очевидна." (Yeyo nedobrozhelatel'nost' byla очевидна.) - Her unfriendliness was obvious.

9. Phonological Comparison:

• добросовестность (dobrosovestnost') - "conscientiousness": доб-ро-со-вест-но-сть. Similar syllable structure, but with an additional syllable.
• доброжелание (dobrozhelanie) - "good wish": доб-ро-же-ла-ни-е. Shares the "добро-жела-" root, but shorter and lacks the "-тель-но-сть" suffixes.
• недоверие (nedoverie) - "distrust": не-до-ве-ри-е. Shares the "не-" prefix, but a different root and suffix structure.

The differences in syllable count and structure are directly related to the differing morphemic composition of each word. The longer words have more suffixes, leading to more syllables.