Hyphenation ofпатолого-анатомический

Linguistic Analysis of "патолого-анатомический" (pathologo-anatomicheskiy)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "патолого-анатомический" is a complex adjective in Russian, meaning "pathologo-anatomical." It's formed through compounding and suffixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (preferring syllables ending in vowels), and considering consonant clusters, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• патолого- (patologo-): Prefix derived from Greek pathos (suffering, disease). Functions to denote relating to disease.
• -анатомический (-anatomicheskiy): Suffix and root combination.
  • -анатом- (-anatom-): Root derived from Greek anatomē (dissection). Refers to the study of body structure.
  • -ический (-icheskiy): Suffix indicating adjectival quality, derived from Latin -icus.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the third syllable: па-то-ло́-го-а-на-то-ми́-че-ский.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/pətɐˈɫoɡə‿ɐnɐˈtomʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪj/

6. Edge Case Review:

The hyphenated structure introduces a slight complexity. While generally treated as a single word, the hyphen allows for a degree of independent stress assignment within each component. However, the overall stress pattern remains consistent.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word primarily functions as an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its use in a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Relating to both the study of disease and the structure of the body.
• Grammatical Category: Adjective
• Translation: Pathologico-anatomical
• Synonyms: (Limited, as it's a highly specific term) – relating to pathological anatomy.
• Antonyms: (Difficult to define directly) – physiological, normal anatomical.
• Examples:
  • "патолого-анатомическое исследование" (pathologo-anatomical examination)
  • "патолого-анатомический материал" (pathologo-anatomical material)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• анатомический (anatomicheskiy): a-на-то-ми́-че-ский. Similar syllable structure, stress on the penultimate syllable before the suffix.
• физиологический (fiziologicheskiy): фи-зи-о-ло-ги́-че-ский. Similar suffixation and stress pattern.
• психологический (psikhologicheskiy): пси-хо-ло-ги́-че-ский. Again, similar suffixation and stress pattern. The difference lies in the initial consonant clusters and the length of the root.

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllable division.

11. Division Rules:

• Open Syllable Principle: Russian favors syllables ending in vowels.
• Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are broken up to create permissible syllable structures.
• Morphological Boundaries: Hyphens often indicate syllable breaks, reflecting morphemic boundaries.