Hyphenation ofстанкоинструментальная
Syllable Division:
стан-ко-ин-стру-мен-та́ль-на-я
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/stan.kɔ.ɪn.stru.mʲen.ˈtalʲ.nə.jə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00000100
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('та́ль').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Closed syllable, contains a reduced vowel.
Closed syllable, contains a reduced vowel.
Closed syllable, consonant cluster.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Stressed, closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, contains a reduced vowel.
Open syllable, final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix:
No prefix present.
Root: станкоинструмент
Combination of 'stanok' (machine) and 'instrument' (instrument). Represents the core meaning of machine tools.
Suffix: альная
Adjectival suffix, forming a qualitative adjective.
Relating to or characteristic of machine tools and instruments.
Translation: Machine-tool instrumental
Examples:
"станкоинструментальная промышленность"
"станкоинструментальная продукция"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters and penultimate stress.
Complex structure with multiple roots and suffixes, similar stress pattern.
Longer word, but shares the tendency for consonant clusters and penultimate stress.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Preference
Syllables tend to end in vowels whenever possible.
Sonority Hierarchy
Consonants are grouped based on their sonority, with more sonorous consonants forming syllable peaks.
Consonant Cluster Resolution
Consonant clusters are broken up to maximize the number of open syllables.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction (akan'ye and ikan'ye) affects pronunciation but not orthographic syllable division.
The word's length and complex morphology require careful application of syllabification rules.
Summary:
The word 'станкоинструментальная' is a complex Russian adjective divided into eight syllables: стан-ко-ин-стру-мен-та́ль-на-я. The stress falls on the penultimate syllable. It's formed from the roots 'stanok' and 'instrument' with the adjectival suffix '-альная'. Syllabification follows the open syllable principle and sonority hierarchy.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "станкоинструментальная" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "станкоинструментальная" is a complex, multi-morphemic adjective in Russian. It describes something related to machine tools. Pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (preferring syllables ending in vowels), and considering sonority hierarchies, the word is divided as follows (see "syllable_division" in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- станко- (stanko-) - Root. Origin: Derived from "станок" (stanok - machine, lathe). Denotes "machine tool".
- -инструмент- (-instrument-) - Root. Origin: International scientific root (Latin "instrumentum"). Denotes "instrument".
- -альная (-al'naya) - Suffix. Origin: Slavic. Adjectival suffix forming a qualitative adjective.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: стан-ко-ин-стру-мен-та́ль-ная.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/stan.kɔ.ɪn.stru.mʲen.ˈtalʲ.nə.jə/
6. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification can be complex due to consonant clusters. The rule of maximizing open syllables is key here. Vowel reduction (akan'ye and ikan'ye) affects the pronunciation of unstressed vowels, but doesn't change the syllable division based on orthography.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of its function within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to or characteristic of machine tools and instruments.
- Translation: Machine-tool instrumental (English equivalent is often a descriptive phrase).
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Synonyms: (Descriptive phrases) машиностроительный (mashinostroitel'nyy - machine-building), относящийся к станкам (otnosyashchiysya k stankam - relating to machine tools).
- Antonyms: (Difficult to find a direct antonym, as it's a specific descriptor).
- Examples:
- станкоинструментальная промышленность (stanko-instrumental'naya promyshlennost' - machine-tool industry)
- станкоинструментальная продукция (stanko-instrumental'naya produktsiya - machine-tool products)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- автомобильный (avtomobil'nyy): a-вто-мо-би́ль-ный. Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters. Stress falls on the penultimate syllable.
- электроинструментальный (elektroinstrumental'nyy): э-лек-тро-ин-стру-мен-та́ль-ный. Similar complex structure with multiple roots and suffixes. Stress pattern is also penultimate.
- металлообрабатывающий (metallobrabatyvayushchiy): ме-тал-ло-об-ра-ба-ты-ва́-ю-щий. Longer word with more syllables, but shares the tendency for consonant clusters and penultimate stress.
10. Division Rules:
- Open Syllable Preference: Syllables tend to end in vowels.
- Sonority Hierarchy: Consonants are grouped based on their sonority, with more sonorous consonants forming syllable peaks.
- Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are broken up in a way that maximizes the number of open syllables.
11. Special Considerations:
The word's length and complex morphology present a challenge. The vowel reduction in unstressed syllables doesn't affect the orthographic syllable division.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.