Hyphenation ofшпионско-диверсионный
Syllable Division:
шпион-ско-ди-вер-си-о́н-ный
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ʂpʲɪˈonskə dʲɪvʲɪrˈsʲɪənːɨj/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0000010
Primary stress falls on the third syllable 'о́н' (sion). The stress is dynamic and can influence vowel length.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, stressed vowel.
Closed syllable, unstressed vowel.
Open syllable, unstressed vowel.
Closed syllable, unstressed vowel.
Open syllable, unstressed vowel.
Closed syllable, stressed vowel, long vowel due to stress.
Closed syllable, unstressed vowel.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: шпионск-
Derived from 'шпион' (spy), foreign origin (German/Dutch), adjectival prefix.
Root: диверсион-
Derived from 'диверсия' (sabotage), foreign origin (French), core meaning of sabotage.
Suffix: -ный
Adjectival suffix indicating quality or attribute.
Relating to or characteristic of espionage and sabotage.
Translation: Espionage-sabotage, spy-sabotage
Examples:
"шпионско-диверсионная деятельность"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters.
Demonstrates the use of linking vowels and consonant clusters.
Shares the 'диверсион-' root and similar syllable structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Principle
Russian prefers syllables ending in vowels. Syllable division occurs before a vowel.
Consonant Cluster Resolution
Consonant clusters are generally broken up to create syllables, prioritizing the open syllable principle.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The long consonant /nː/ is a result of progressive assimilation.
The linking vowel '-о-' facilitates the connection between the prefix and the root.
Stress placement is crucial for vowel reduction and pronunciation.
Summary:
The word 'шпионско-диверсионный' is a complex adjective syllabified based on the open syllable principle and consonant cluster resolution. Stress falls on the 'о́н' syllable. It's morphologically composed of a prefix, root, and suffix, all contributing to its meaning of 'espionage-sabotage'.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "шпионско-диверсионный" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "шпионско-диверсионный" (shpionsko-diversionnyy) is a complex adjective meaning "espionage-sabotage" or "spy-sabotage". It's formed through compounding and suffixation. Pronunciation involves a mix of consonant clusters and vowel reduction, typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (preferring syllables ending in vowels), and considering the presence of consonant clusters, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- шпионск- (shpionsk-): Prefix derived from "шпион" (shpion - spy), of foreign origin (likely from German/Dutch "Spion"). Functions as an adjectival prefix indicating relation to espionage.
- -о- (-o-): Linking vowel, common in Russian compound words.
- диверсион- (diversion-): Root derived from "диверсия" (diversiya - sabotage), of foreign origin (French "diversion"). Represents the core meaning of sabotage.
- -ный (-nyy): Adjectival suffix, indicating a quality or attribute.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: ди-вер-си-о́н-ный.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ʂpʲɪˈonskə dʲɪvʲɪrˈsʲɪənːɨj/
6. Edge Case Review:
The consonant clusters /sp/ and /st/ are common in Russian and don't pose significant syllabification challenges. The long consonant /nː/ is a result of the progressive assimilation of /n/ before the following /n/.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to or characteristic of espionage and sabotage.
- Translation: Espionage-sabotage, spy-sabotage.
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Synonyms: разведывательно-диверсионный (razvedyvatel'no-diversionnyy - reconnaissance-sabotage), подрывной (podryvnoi - subversive)
- Antonyms: миролюбивый (miroljubivyy - peaceful)
- Examples: "шпионско-диверсионная деятельность" (shpionsko-diversionnaya deyatel'nost' - espionage-sabotage activities).
9. Phonological Comparison:
- разведчик (razvedchik - scout): раз-вед-чик /rɐˈzʲvʲet͡ɕɪk/ - Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters.
- контрразведка (kontrrazvedka - counterintelligence): конт-р-раз-вед-ка /kənˈtr‿rɐzˈvʲetkə/ - Demonstrates the use of linking vowels and consonant clusters.
- диверсант (diversant - saboteur): ди-вер-сант /dʲɪvʲɪrˈsant/ - Shares the "диверсион-" root and similar syllable structure.
The differences in syllable division arise from the varying lengths and complexities of the root and affix combinations.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.