Hyphenation ofамплитудно-импульсный

Linguistic Analysis of "амплитудно-импульсный" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "амплитудно-импульсный" (amplitudno-impulsnyy) is a complex adjective meaning "amplitude-pulse" or "amplitude-modulated pulse". It's formed through compounding and suffixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the sonority hierarchy and avoidance of single-letter syllables, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

ам-пли-туд-но-им-пульс-ный

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• амплитуд- (amplitud-): Prefix/First part of compound, derived from the international root "amplitude" (Latin amplitudo), denoting magnitude or extent. Functions as a compounding element.
• -но- (-no-): Interfix/Suffix, linking the two parts of the compound. It doesn't carry independent lexical meaning but serves a grammatical function.
• импульс- (impuls-): Root, derived from the international root "impulse" (Latin impulsus), denoting a force or effect.
• -ный (-nyy): Suffix, adjectival suffix indicating quality or belonging.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: им-пульс-ный.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ɐmˈplʲɪtʊdno ɪmˈpulsnɨj/

6. Edge Case Review:

The hyphenated structure presents a slight edge case. While Russian generally avoids long sequences of consonants within a syllable, the compound nature of the word necessitates a division that might otherwise be less common.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word functions primarily as an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its use in a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Relating to or characterized by both amplitude and pulse modulation.
• Translation: Amplitude-pulse, amplitude-modulated pulse.
• Grammatical Category: Adjective
• Synonyms: (Context-dependent) – can be described using phrases like "с амплитудной и импульсной модуляцией" (s amplitudnoy i impulsnoy modulyatsiey - with amplitude and pulse modulation).
• Antonyms: (Context-dependent) – depends on the specific application.
• Examples:
  • "амплитудно-импульсный генератор" (amplitudno-impulsnyy generator) – amplitude-pulse generator.
  • "амплитудно-импульсный сигнал" (amplitudno-impulsnyy signal) – amplitude-pulse signal.

9. Phonological Comparison:

• радиоприёмник (radiopriyomnik) – "radio receiver": ра-ди-о-при-ём-ник. Similar syllable structure with alternating consonant-vowel patterns.
• телевизионный (televizionnyy) – "television": те-ле-ви-зи-он-ный. Shares the -ный suffix and a similar pattern of compounding.
• магнитофонный (magnitofonnyy) – "magnetic tape recorder": маг-ни-то-фон-ный. Similar suffix and compound structure.

The key difference lies in the length of the compound root ("амплитудно-импульсный" has a longer initial compound element). This affects the number of syllables but doesn't alter the underlying syllabification principles.

10. Division Rules:

• Sonority Principle: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei, with consonants gravitating towards the nearest vowel.
• Avoidance of Single-Letter Syllables: Russian avoids syllables consisting of a single consonant.
• Compound Word Syllabification: Compound words are syllabified based on the individual morphemes, respecting the above principles.

11. Special Considerations:

Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor in pronunciation, but doesn't affect the orthographic syllabification. The hyphenated structure requires careful consideration to avoid creating illegal syllable structures.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, slight variations in vowel quality might occur depending on regional accents. However, these variations do not typically alter the syllable division.