Hyphenation ofдезориентировавшаяся
Syllable Division:
де-зо-ри-ен-ти-ро-ва-вш-ая-ся
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/dʲɪzərʲɪnˈtʲirəvəvʂəjə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0000010000
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable 'ва' (ва́).
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable, vowel 'e' is reduced.
Open syllable, vowel 'o' is reduced.
Open syllable, vowel 'i' is reduced.
Closed syllable, vowel 'e' is reduced.
Open syllable, vowel 'i' is reduced.
Open syllable, vowel 'o' is reduced.
Open syllable, vowel 'a' is reduced.
Closed syllable, consonant cluster treated as a single onset.
Open syllable, vowel 'a' is reduced.
Open syllable, vowel 'я' is reduced.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: дез-
From French 'dés-', ultimately from Latin 'dis-', meaning negation.
Root: ориентир-
From French 'orient', ultimately from Latin 'oriens' (rising sun), meaning direction.
Suffix: -иров-авш-ая-ся
Combination of verb-forming suffix -иров-, past participle suffix -авш-, feminine singular ending -ая, and reflexive/passive particle -ся.
Having been disoriented; having lost one's bearings.
Translation: Disoriented (feminine singular)
Examples:
"Дезориентировавшаяся туристка искала дорогу."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the 'дез-' prefix and similar suffixation.
Shares the root 'ориентир-' and similar suffixation.
Shares the 'дез-' prefix and similar suffixation.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Syllable Onset Preference
Russian prefers to maximize syllable onsets, avoiding stranded consonants.
Vowel Reduction
Unstressed vowels are reduced in pronunciation, but the syllabification is based on the written form.
Consonant Cluster Treatment
Consonant clusters like 'вш' are often treated as a single syllable onset.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction significantly impacts pronunciation but doesn't alter the syllabification based on orthography.
The 'вш' cluster is a common exception where a consonant cluster is treated as a single onset.
Summary:
The word 'дезориентировавшаяся' is a past passive participle with ten syllables, divided according to Russian syllabification rules prioritizing onsets and avoiding stranded consonants. The stress falls on the penultimate syllable. It's morphologically complex, built from a prefix, root, and multiple suffixes. The phonetic transcription reflects vowel reduction common in unstressed syllables.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "дезориентировавшаяся" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "дезориентировавшаяся" is a past passive participle feminine singular of the verb "дезориентироваться" (to disorient, to lose one's bearings). It's a relatively long word with a complex morphological structure. Pronunciation involves a mix of voiced and voiceless consonants, palatalization, and vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize onsets and avoid stranded consonants, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: дез- (dez-) - From French "dés-", ultimately from Latin "dis-", meaning negation or reversal.
- Root: ориентир- (orientir-) - From French "orient", ultimately from Latin "oriens" (rising sun), meaning direction, bearing.
- Suffixes: -иров- (-irov-) - A suffix used to form verbs from nouns, often borrowed from French. -авш- (-avsh-) - Past active participle suffix. -ая (-aya) - Feminine singular ending for past passive participles. -ся (-sya) - Reflexive/Passive particle.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: де-зо-ри-ен-ти-ро-ва́в-шая-ся.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/dʲɪzərʲɪnˈtʲirəvəvʂəjə/
6. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification can be tricky with consonant clusters. The rule of avoiding stranded consonants is crucial here. The "вш" cluster is treated as a single syllable onset.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is a past passive participle, functioning as an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Having been disoriented; having lost one's bearings.
- Part of Speech: Adjective (past passive participle)
- Translation: Disoriented (feminine singular)
- Synonyms: сби́вшаяся с пути (sbivshayasya s puti - having gone astray), потеря́вшая ориента́цию (poteryavshaya orientatsiyu - having lost orientation)
- Antonyms: ориенти́рованная (orientirovannaya - oriented)
- Examples:
- Дезориентировавшаяся туристка искала дорогу. (Dezorientirovavshayasya turistka iskala dorogu. - The disoriented tourist was looking for the way.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- дезорганизованная (dezorganizovannaya - disorganized): де-зо-р-га-ни-зо-ван-на-я. Similar prefix and suffix structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
- ориентировавшийся (orientirovavshiysya - orienting himself): о-ри-ен-ти-ро-вав-ший-ся. Shares the root "ориентир" and similar suffixation, stress pattern is similar.
- дезинформированная (dezinformirovannaya - disinformed): де-зин-фор-ми-ро-ван-на-я. Similar prefix and suffix structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
The differences in syllable division arise from the varying consonant clusters and vowel sequences within each word. The core principle of avoiding stranded consonants remains consistent.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the use of hyphens to join words or parts of words. It plays a crucial role in writing, ensuring clarity and readability.
In compound terms like 'check-in', the hyphen clarifies relationships between words. It also assists in breaking words at line ends, preserving flow and understanding, such as in 'tele-communication'. Hyphenation rules vary; some words lose their hyphens with common usage (e.g., 'email' from 'e-mail'). It's an evolving aspect of language, with guidelines differing across style manuals. Understanding hyphenation improves writing quality, making it an indispensable tool in effective communication.