Hyphenation ofдезориентировавшемуся

Linguistic Analysis of "дезориентировавшемуся" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "дезориентировавшемуся" is a complex verbal adjective (past active participle) derived from the verb "дезориентировать" (to disorient). Its pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (attempting to create CV syllables), and considering sonority hierarchies, the word is divided as follows (see "syllable_division" in the JSON output).

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: дез- (dez-) - From French "dés-", ultimately from Latin "dis-", meaning negation or reversal.
• Root: ориентир- (orientir-) - From French "orient", ultimately from Latin "oriens" (rising sun), meaning direction, bearing.
• Suffixes: -ирова- (-irova-) - Verbal suffix forming verbs of imperfective aspect. Origin: Russian.
• Suffix: -вш- (-vsh-) - Past participle suffix. Origin: Russian.
• Suffix: -ему- (-emu-) - Dative/Genitive singular masculine past active participle suffix. Origin: Russian.
• Suffix: -ся (-sya) - Reflexive/Passive particle. Origin: Russian.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: де-зо-ри-ен-ти́-ровав-ше-му-ся.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/dʲɪzərʲɪnˈtʲirəvɐvʂɪmʊsʲə/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification can be complex due to consonant clusters. The rule of maximizing open syllables is applied, but exceptions exist, particularly with loanwords. This word, while containing a loanword element ("dez-"), follows standard Russian syllabification patterns.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is a past active participle in the dative/genitive singular masculine form. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Disoriented, having been disoriented.
• Translation: Having become disoriented.
• Grammatical Category: Adjective (past active participle)
• Synonyms: сбившийся с толку (sbivshijsja s tolku), растерянный (rasterjannyj)
• Antonyms: ориентированный (orientirovannyj)
• Examples:
  • "Дезориентировавшемуся путнику помогли найти дорогу." (The disoriented traveler was helped to find the way.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• ориентироваться (orientirovat'sja): о-ри-ен-ти-ро-вать-ся. Similar syllable structure, stress on the fourth syllable.
• дезинформация (dezinformatsija): де-зин-фор-ма-ци-я. Similar prefix "dez-", syllable division follows the same CV pattern.
• информировать (informirovat'): ин-фор-ми-ро-вать. Similar root "inform-", demonstrating consistent syllabification of the "-irovat'" suffix.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Open Syllable Principle: Attempts to create syllables of the CV (consonant-vowel) structure.
• Rule 2: Sonority Hierarchy: Consonants are grouped based on their sonority (ability to be pronounced with voice). More sonorous consonants tend to form syllable peaks.
• Rule 3: Consonant Clusters: Consonant clusters are broken up in a way that maximizes the number of open syllables.
• Rule 4: Vowel Groupings: Vowel groupings are generally kept together within a single syllable.

11. Special Considerations:

The palatalization of consonants before "е" (e.g., "д" in "дезориентировавшемуся") influences pronunciation but doesn't directly affect syllabification. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant feature of Russian phonology, but is not relevant to the syllable division itself.