Hyphenation ofнепредпринимательский
Syllable Division:
не-пред-при-ни-ма-тель-ский
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/nʲɪprʲɪdprʲɪˈnʲɪmətʲɪlʲskʲɪj/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0010001
Primary stress falls on the third syllable 'при'.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, unstressed, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, consonant cluster.
Open syllable, stressed.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, palatalization.
Closed syllable, consonant cluster.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: не-
Slavic origin, negation.
Root: предприниматель-
Borrowed from German via French, 'entrepreneur'.
Suffix: -ский
Slavic origin, adjectival suffix.
Not relating to or characteristic of entrepreneurship; lacking initiative or enterprise.
Translation: Non-entrepreneurial, unenterprising
Examples:
"Он был человеком непредпринимательским."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar structure with a prefix and complex root.
Similar adjectival suffix '-ский'.
Similar consonant clusters and vowel reduction patterns.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel-Based Syllabification
Syllables are formed around vowel sounds.
Consonant Cluster Resolution
Consonant clusters are generally broken before a vowel.
Stress Influence
Stress influences vowel quality and length.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
Palatalization of consonants before front vowels.
Summary:
The word 'непредпринимательский' is divided into seven syllables based on vowel sounds and consonant cluster resolution. The primary stress falls on the third syllable. It's a complex adjective formed from a negation prefix, a borrowed root, and a Slavic adjectival suffix.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "непредпринимательский" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "непредпринимательский" is a relatively long adjective in Russian, meaning "non-entrepreneurial" or "unenterprising." Its pronunciation involves a complex interplay of consonant clusters and vowel reduction, typical of the Russian language.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
не-пред-при-ни-ма-тель-ский
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: не- (negation) - Slavic origin, functions to negate the meaning of the root.
- Root: -предприниматель- (entrepreneur) - borrowed from German "Unternehmer" (via French), meaning "undertaker" or "one who undertakes."
- Suffix: -ский (adjectival suffix) - Slavic origin, forms a qualitative adjective.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: при- (не-пред-при-ни-ма-тель-ский).
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/nʲɪprʲɪdprʲɪˈnʲɪmətʲɪlʲskʲɪj/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
- не- /nʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel sounds. The 'e' is reduced to /ɪ/ in unstressed position.
- пред- /prʲɪd/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before a vowel.
- при- /prʲɪ/ - Open syllable, stressed. Rule: Stress influences vowel quality and length.
- ни- /nʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel sounds.
- ма- /mɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel sounds. Vowel reduction applies.
- тель- /tʲɪlʲ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before a vowel. Palatalization of 'т' due to following 'е'.
- ский /skʲɪj/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before a vowel.
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification allows for some flexibility, especially with consonant clusters. However, the breakdown above is the most common and phonologically justifiable.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Not relating to or characteristic of entrepreneurship; lacking initiative or enterprise.
- Translation: Non-entrepreneurial, unenterprising.
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Synonyms: беспредприимчивый (bespredprimchivy), неинициативный (neinitiativny)
- Antonyms: предприимчивый (predprimchivy)
- Examples: "Он был человеком непредпринимательским." (He was an unenterprising man.)
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed above, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations do not significantly alter the syllable division.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- председательский (predsedatel'skiy) - "chairmanship" - пред-се-да-тель-ский. Similar structure with a prefix and a complex root.
- товарищеский (tovarishcheskiy) - "comradely" - то-ва-ри-ще-ский. Similar adjectival suffix '-ский'.
- ответственный (otvetstvennyy) - "responsible" - от-вет-ствен-ный. Similar consonant clusters and vowel reduction patterns.
The differences in syllable division arise from the specific consonant and vowel sequences within each word, but the underlying principles of Russian syllabification remain consistent.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.