Hyphenation ofнепривилегированному
Syllable Division:
не-при-ви-ле-ги-ро-ван-но-му
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/nʲɪprʲɪvʲɪlʲɪˈɡʲɪrəvənːəmu/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000001000
Primary stress falls on the sixth syllable (ва́н).
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable, consonant cluster onset.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, geminated consonant.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: не-
Proto-Slavic origin, negation.
Root: привилегирован-
Latin *privilegiatus* origin, core meaning of privilege.
Suffix: -ному
Proto-Slavic origin, dative/locative singular masculine adjective ending.
Unprivileged
Translation: Unprivileged
Examples:
"Помощь была оказана непривилегированному слою населения."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar root and suffix structure.
Similar prefix and overall structure.
Similar prefix and structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable
Syllables ending in a vowel are generally open.
Consonant Cluster
Consonant clusters are allowed in syllable onsets, following Russian phonotactics.
Vowel Reduction
Unstressed vowels are often reduced to schwa /ə/.
Gemination
Consonants can be geminated when followed by another consonant.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction is a significant factor in pronunciation.
Gemination of 'н' in 'ван-' is a common feature.
Regional variations in vowel pronunciation may exist.
Summary:
The word 'непривилегированному' is a complex adjective with nine syllables, divided according to Russian phonological rules. Stress falls on the sixth syllable. The word is formed from a negative prefix, a Latin-derived root, and a Slavic suffix. Syllabification follows open/closed syllable principles, consonant cluster rules, and accounts for vowel reduction and gemination.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "непривилегированному" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "непривилегированному" is a masculine singular dative/locative adjective meaning "to/for an unprivileged person" or "of an unprivileged person". It's a relatively long word, built upon a complex morphological structure. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
не-при-ви-ле-ги-ро-ван-но-му
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: не- (ne-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Negation.
- Root: привилегирован- (privilegivan-) - Origin: Latin privilegiatus (through French). Function: Core meaning relating to privilege.
- Suffix: -ному (-nomu) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Dative/Locative singular masculine adjective ending.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the sixth syllable: ги-ро-ва́н-но-му.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/nʲɪprʲɪvʲɪlʲɪˈɡʲɪrəvənːəmu/
6. Syllable Analysis & Rule Application:
Here's a breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
- не- /nʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable onset consists of a consonant (nʲ) followed by a vowel (ɪ). No exceptions.
- при- /prʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster (prʲ) allowed in syllable onset, followed by a vowel (ɪ). No exceptions.
- ви- /vʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant (vʲ) followed by a vowel (ɪ). No exceptions.
- ле- /lʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant (lʲ) followed by a vowel (ɪ). No exceptions.
- ги- /ɡʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant (ɡʲ) followed by a vowel (ɪ). No exceptions.
- ро- /rə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant (r) followed by a vowel (ə). Vowel reduction is present here. No exceptions.
- ван- /vənː/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant (v) followed by a vowel (ə) and a consonant (n). Gemination (doubling) of 'n' occurs due to the following nasal consonant.
- но- /nə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant (n) followed by a vowel (ə). Vowel reduction is present here. No exceptions.
- му- /mu/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant (m) followed by a vowel (u). No exceptions.
7. Edge Case Review:
The gemination of 'н' in "ван-" is a common feature in Russian when followed by another consonant. Vowel reduction is also a key consideration, as unstressed vowels are often reduced to schwa /ə/.
8. Grammatical Role:
The syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of whether the word is used as an adjective modifying a noun.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: непривилегированному
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Definitions:
- Definition: "Unprivileged"
- Translation: "Unprivileged"
- Synonyms: обделенному (obdelennomu - deprived), незащищенному (nezashchishchennomu - unprotected)
- Antonyms: привилегированному (privilegirovannomu - privileged)
- Examples: "Помощь была оказана непривилегированному слою населения." (Pomoshch' byla okazana neprivilegirovannomu sloyu naseleniya.) - "Aid was provided to the underprivileged segment of the population."
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllabification.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- привилегированный (privilegirovannyj): при-ви-ле-ги-ро-ван-ный. Similar structure, stress on "ва́н".
- неприкосновенный (neprikosnovennyj): не-при-кос-но-вен-ный. Similar prefix "не-", stress on "ве́н".
- независимый (nezavisimyj): не-за-ви-си-мый. Similar prefix "не-", stress on "си́".
The syllable division follows the same principles in all these words: consonant clusters are handled according to Russian phonotactics, and vowel reduction occurs in unstressed syllables. The stress placement, however, varies depending on the word's morphological structure.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.