Hyphenation ofнервно-эмоциональный

Linguistic Analysis of "нервно-эмоциональный" (nervno-emotsional'nyy)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "нервно-эмоциональный" (nervno-emotsional'nyy) is an adjective meaning "nervous-emotional". It's a complex word formed through compounding and suffixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: нерв- (nerv-) - From Proto-Slavic *nervъ, ultimately from Latin nervus meaning "nerve". Function: Indicates a connection to the nervous system.
• Interfix: -но- (-no-) - A linking element common in Russian compound words, doesn't carry independent meaning.
• Root: эмоцион- (emotsion-) - From French émotion, ultimately from Latin emovere meaning "to move out, stir up". Function: Relates to emotions.
• Suffix: -альный (-al'nyy) - A suffix forming adjectives, often denoting belonging or relation. Origin: Latin -alis. Function: Adjectival formation.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the third syllable: нервно-эмоциональный.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ˈnʲervnə‿ɪmɐt͡sɨɐˈnalʲnɨj/

6. Edge Case Review:

The hyphenated structure introduces a slight complexity. While Russian generally avoids hyphenated words within a single morphological unit, this construction is acceptable and common for compound adjectives. The vowel /o/ in the first syllable is reduced to /ə/ due to being unstressed.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word functions primarily as an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Relating to or characterized by both nervousness and strong emotion.
• Translation: Nervous-emotional
• Grammatical Category: Adjective
• Synonyms: возбуждённый, впечатлительный (vozbuzhdyonnyy, vpechatlitel'nyy - excited, impressionable)
• Antonyms: спокойный, уравновешенный (spokoynyy, uravnoveshennyy - calm, balanced)
• Examples:
  • "Он был нервно-эмоциональный человек." (On byl nervno-emotsional'nyy chelovek.) - "He was a nervous-emotional person."
  • "Её состояние было нервно-эмоциональным." (Yeyo sostoyaniye bylo nervno-emotsional'nym.) - "Her condition was nervous-emotional."

9. Phonological Comparison:

• информационный (informatsionnyy): in-for-ma-tsi-on-nyy - Similar syllable structure with multiple suffixes. Stress falls on the fourth syllable.
• организационный (organizatsionnyy): or-ga-ni-za-tsi-on-nyy - Again, a compound adjective with a similar suffix structure. Stress falls on the fifth syllable.
• функциональный (funktsional'nyy): funk-tsi-o-nal'-nyy - Demonstrates the typical pattern of suffixation in Russian adjectives. Stress falls on the third syllable.

The differences in stress placement are due to the varying length and morphological structure of the root words. The consistent application of vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a shared feature.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Vowel-Consonant Division: Syllables are typically divided between vowels and consonants (e.g., нер-вно).
• Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Division: When a consonant cluster occurs between vowels, the cluster is usually split, with one consonant going to each syllable if possible (e.g., э-мо-ци-о-наль-ный).
• Rule 3: Soft Consonant Rule: Soft consonants (palatalized) tend to form a syllable with the preceding vowel (e.g., нерв-но).
• Rule 4: Interfix Handling: Interfixes like "-но-" form a syllable on their own.

11. Special Considerations:

The hyphenated structure is the primary exception. The vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a consistent feature but requires careful phonetic transcription.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel quality or the degree of vowel reduction. However, these variations do not significantly alter the syllable division.

13. Short Analysis:

"нервно-эмоциональный" is a compound adjective formed from Latin and Slavic roots. It's syllabified based on vowel-consonant boundaries and consonant cluster rules, with stress on the third syllable. The word exhibits typical Russian phonological features like vowel reduction.