Hyphenation ofоткомандировывавшихся
Syllable Division:
от-ко-ман-ди-ро-вы-ва-в-ших-ся
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ɐt kɐmɐnʲdʲɪrɐˈvavʂɨx sʲæ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000001000
Primary stress falls on the sixth syllable ('ва').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, closed by 'т'.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, 'д' palatalized.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Syllable with consonant cluster 'вв'.
Closed syllable, closed by 'х'.
Open syllable, 'с' palatalized.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: от-
Native Russian, indicates separation/completion.
Root: командирова-
French origin ('commander'), core meaning of sending.
Suffix: -в-авш-их-ся
Native Russian, forms past active participle, plural, reflexive marker.
Having been sent on a business trip
Translation: Having been sent on a business trip
Examples:
"Сотрудники, откомандировывавшихся в командировку, вернулись."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the root 'командирова-', demonstrating consistent syllable division.
Illustrates how prefixes are syllabified.
Similar complex suffixation and syllable structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Principle
Prioritizes syllables ending in vowels.
Sonority Hierarchy
Consonant clusters are resolved based on sonority, allowing permissible clusters within syllables.
Palatalization
Consonants before 'и' and 'я' are palatalized, influencing syllable structure.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The 'вв' consonant cluster is permissible in Russian and doesn't require separation.
Summary:
The word 'откомандировывавшихся' is a complex participle syllabified according to the open syllable principle and Russian phonological rules. Stress falls on the sixth syllable. The morphemic structure reveals its derivation from French 'commander' and native Russian affixes.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "откомандировывавшихся" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "откомандировывавшихся" is a complex verbal adjective (participle) in Russian, derived from the verb "командировать" (to send on a business trip). Its pronunciation involves a series of vowel reductions and consonant assimilation, typical of Russian phonology.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (preferring syllables ending in vowels), and considering sonority hierarchies, the word is divided as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- от- (prefix): Origin - Native Russian. Function - Indicates separation or completion of the action.
- командирова- (root): Origin - French "commander" (via German). Function - Core meaning related to sending on a mission.
- -в- (infix): Origin - Native Russian. Function - Connects the root to the suffix, often appearing in verb formations.
- -авш- (suffix): Origin - Native Russian. Function - Forms the past active participle.
- -их- (suffix): Origin - Native Russian. Function - Indicates plural.
- -ся (suffix): Origin - Native Russian. Function - Reflexive/passive marker, in this case indicating the action was performed by those being sent.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the sixth syllable: от-ко-ман-ди-ро-вы-вав-ших-ся.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ɐt kɐmɐnʲdʲɪrɐˈvavʂɨx sʲæ/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Syllable | IPA Transcription | Rule Explanation | Potential Exceptions |
---|---|---|---|
от | /ɐt/ | Open syllable principle. 'т' closes the syllable. | None |
ко | /kɐ/ | Open syllable principle. | None |
ман | /mɐn/ | Open syllable principle. | None |
ди | /dʲɪ/ | Open syllable principle. Palatalization of 'д' before 'и'. | None |
ро | /rɐ/ | Open syllable principle. | None |
вы | /vɨ/ | Open syllable principle. | None |
вав | /vav/ | Consonant cluster 'вв' is permissible within a syllable. | None |
ших | /ʂɨx/ | Closed syllable. 'х' closes the syllable. | None |
ся | /sʲæ/ | Open syllable principle. Palatalization of 'с' before 'я'. | None |
7. Edge Case Review:
The cluster 'вв' in "вав" is a relatively common occurrence in Russian and doesn't pose a significant syllabification challenge. The palatalization of consonants before 'и' and 'я' is a standard feature of Russian phonology and influences syllable structure.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word functions as a verbal adjective (participle) describing a group of people who had been sent on a business trip. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: откомандировывавшихся
- Part of Speech: Verbal Adjective (Participle)
- Definitions:
- Translation: Having been sent on a business trip (plural).
- Synonyms: командированных (sent on a business trip), направленных (directed/sent).
- Antonyms: остававшихся (remaining), не командированных (not sent).
- Examples: "Сотрудники, откомандировывавшихся в командировку, вернулись." (The employees who had been sent on a business trip returned.)
- Grammatical Category: Plural, Past Active Participle.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed above, some regional variations might exhibit slight vowel reductions or consonant softening. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllabification.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- командировка (komandirovka): ко-ман-ди-ров-ка. Similar syllable structure, demonstrating the consistent application of the open syllable principle.
- прикомандированный (prikomandirovanny): при-ко-ман-ди-ро-ван-ный. Shows how prefixes are treated as separate syllables.
- отправившийся (otpravivshijsya): от-пра-вив-ший-ся. Similar complex suffixation and syllable division patterns. The 'в' infix is also present.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the use of hyphens to join words or parts of words. It plays a crucial role in writing, ensuring clarity and readability.
In compound terms like 'check-in', the hyphen clarifies relationships between words. It also assists in breaking words at line ends, preserving flow and understanding, such as in 'tele-communication'. Hyphenation rules vary; some words lose their hyphens with common usage (e.g., 'email' from 'e-mail'). It's an evolving aspect of language, with guidelines differing across style manuals. Understanding hyphenation improves writing quality, making it an indispensable tool in effective communication.