Hyphenation ofпатофизиологического
Syllable Division:
па-то-фи-зи-о-ло-ги-че-ско-го
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/pətəfʲɪzʲɪlɐˈɡʲit͡ɕɪskəvə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0000001000
Primary stress falls on the syllable 'ги' (gi-), indicated by '1'. All other syllables are unstressed ('0').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, palatalization.
Open syllable, palatalization.
Open syllable, vowel alone.
Open syllable.
Closed, stressed syllable, palatalization.
Open syllable, affricate.
Closed syllable, consonant cluster.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: пато-
From Greek *pathos* (suffering, disease). Indicates disease-related context.
Root: физиологи-
From Greek *physis* (nature) and *logos* (study). Relates to the study of normal functions.
Suffix: -ческого
Slavic origin. Adjectival suffix.
Relating to the study of disordered functions of the body.
Translation: Pathophysiological
Examples:
"патофизиологический процесс (patofiziologicheskiy protsess) - pathophysiological process"
"патофизиологические механизмы (patofiziologicheskiye mekhanizmy) - pathophysiological mechanisms"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar morphological structure and vowel reduction patterns.
Shared root and similar suffix, comparable stress pattern.
Similar syllable count, vowel reduction, and suffix structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Sonority Sequencing Principle
Syllables are formed around a vowel nucleus, with consonants assigned based on sonority.
Russian Syllable Structure
Russian syllables generally follow a (C)V(C) structure.
Vowel Reduction
Unstressed vowels are reduced to schwa-like sounds.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Palatalization of consonants before /i/ influences pronunciation.
Vowel reduction is a key feature of Russian phonology.
Regional variations in vowel reduction may exist.
Summary:
The word 'патофизиологического' is a complex adjective with ten syllables, stressed on the 'ги' syllable. Syllabification follows Russian rules of sonority sequencing and vowel reduction. It's morphologically composed of a Greek-derived prefix 'пато-', a Greek-derived root 'физиологи-', and a Slavic-derived adjectival suffix '-ческого'.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "патофизиологического" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "патофизиологического" is a complex adjective meaning "pathophysiological." It's a relatively long word, and its pronunciation involves several vowel reductions common in unstressed syllables in Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
па-то-фи-зи-о-ло-ги-че-ско-го
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: пато- (pato-) - From Greek pathos meaning "suffering, disease." Function: Indicates a connection to disease.
- Root: физиологи- (fiziologi-) - From Greek physis (nature) and logos (study). Function: Relates to the study of the normal functions of living organisms.
- Suffix: -ческого (-cheskogo) - A derivational suffix forming an adjective. Origin: Slavic. Function: Adjectival marker, indicating belonging to or relating to pathophysiology.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the syllable "-ги-" (gi-).
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/pətəfʲɪzʲɪlɐˈɡʲit͡ɕɪskəvə/
6. Syllable List with IPA and Rule Explanations:
- па /pə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. No special cases.
- то /tə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. Vowel reduction to /ə/ due to unstressed position.
- фи /fʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. Palatalization of /f/ before /i/.
- зи /zʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. Palatalization of /z/ before /i/.
- о /ɔ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel alone.
- ло /lɔ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure.
- ги /ɡʲɪ/ - Closed syllable, stressed. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. Palatalization of /ɡ/ before /i/. Stress causes full vowel articulation.
- че /t͡ɕɛ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. Affricate /t͡ɕ/ formed.
- ско /skɔ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster followed by vowel.
- го /ɡə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. Vowel reduction to /ə/ due to unstressed position.
7. Syllable Division Rules Applied:
- Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables are formed around a vowel nucleus, with consonants gravitating towards either the preceding or following vowel based on sonority.
- Russian Syllable Structure: Russian syllables generally follow a (C)V(C) structure, where C represents a consonant and V represents a vowel.
- Vowel Reduction: Unstressed vowels are reduced to schwa-like sounds (/ə/) or other reduced forms.
8. Exceptions & Special Cases:
- The palatalization of consonants before /i/ is a common feature of Russian phonology and affects syllable pronunciation.
- Vowel reduction is a significant factor in Russian pronunciation and syllable structure.
9. Grammatical Role & Syllabification Shifts:
The word is primarily an adjective. While it can be used attributively (e.g., "патофизиологический процесс" - pathophysiological process), its syllabification and stress remain consistent.
10. Alternative Pronunciations & Regional Variations:
Regional variations in vowel reduction might exist, but the core syllabification remains consistent. Some speakers might pronounce unstressed vowels slightly differently, but the syllable boundaries remain the same.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- биологического (biologicheskogo): би-о-ло-ги-че-ско-го. Similar syllable structure, vowel reduction patterns.
- физического (fizicheskogo): фи-зи-че-ско-го. Similar syllable structure, stress pattern.
- психологического (psikhologicheskogo): пси-хо-ло-ги-че-ско-го. Similar syllable structure, vowel reduction patterns, and stress.
The differences lie in the initial consonant clusters and the specific vowels used, but the underlying syllabification principles remain consistent.
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