Hyphenation ofпереаттестовывающего
Syllable Division:
пе-ре-ат-те-сто-вы-ва-ю-ще-го
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/pʲɪrʲɪɐtːɪsˈtovɨvɐjʉɕːɪvɐ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0010100110
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('сто' in 'аттестовывающего').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, geminate consonant.
Closed syllable, stressed syllable.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, palatalization.
Open syllable, palatalization.
Open syllable, final syllable, vowel reduction.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: пере-
Proto-Slavic origin, indicates change of state.
Root: аттест-
Latin origin (attestare), meaning 'to bear witness'.
Suffix: -овыва-ющего
Slavic origin, forms the present active participle of imperfective verbs.
Currently being re-certified, undergoing re-attestation.
Translation: Re-attesting, re-certifying (present participle)
Examples:
"Переаттестовывающего специалиста повысили в должности."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the root 'аттест-' and similar suffixation patterns.
Shares the prefix 'пере-' and exhibits similar vowel reduction.
Demonstrates similar suffixation patterns and stress placement.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Principle
Russian prefers CV syllables, guiding the division between consonants and vowels.
Sonority Hierarchy
Syllables are built around sonorant sounds (vowels, liquids, nasals).
Consonant Cluster Resolution
Consonant clusters are often broken up by inserting a vowel sound (not reflected in orthography).
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The geminate consonant 'тт' does not alter the syllable division.
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a phonetic feature, not affecting orthographic division.
Summary:
The word 'переаттестовывающего' is a complex present active participle divided into ten syllables based on the open syllable principle and sonority hierarchy. It consists of the prefix 'пере-', the root 'аттест-', and the suffix '-овывающего'. The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable. The word means 're-attesting' and is used as an adjective.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "переаттестовывающего" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "переаттестовывающего" is a present active participle masculine singular of the imperfective verb "переаттестовывать". It's a complex word formed through prefixation, root modification, and suffixation. Pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (attempting to create CV syllables), and considering sonority hierarchies, the word is divided as follows (see "syllable_division" in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: пере- (pere-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Prefix indicating a change of state, re-doing, or across.
- Root: аттест- (attest-) - Origin: Latin "attestare" (to bear witness). Function: Root denoting certification, verification, or examination.
- Suffix: -овыва- (-ovyva-) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Suffix forming the present active participle of imperfective verbs. This suffix is complex, containing elements indicating ongoing action.
- Suffix: -ющего (-oyushchego) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Genitive singular masculine ending of the present active participle.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: пе-ре-ат-те-сто-вы-ва-ю-ще-го.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/pʲɪrʲɪɐtːɪsˈtovɨvɐjʉɕːɪvɐ/
6. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification can be complex due to consonant clusters. The rule of maximizing open syllables is key here. Vowel reduction (akanje/okanje) also plays a role in pronunciation, but doesn't affect the orthographic syllable division.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word functions as an adjective modifying a noun. The syllabification remains consistent regardless of its grammatical role within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Currently being re-certified, undergoing re-attestation.
- Translation: Re-attesting, re-certifying (present participle)
- Grammatical Category: Adjective (present active participle)
- Synonyms: переквалифицирующего (re-qualifying), подтверждающего (confirming)
- Antonyms: не аттестующего (not certifying)
- Examples: "Переаттестовывающего специалиста повысили в должности." (The re-attesting specialist was promoted.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- аттестация (attestatsiya): ат-тес-та-ци-я. Similar syllable structure, demonstrating the tendency to separate consonant clusters with vowels.
- переоценка (pereotsenka): пе-ре-о-цен-ка. Similar prefix "пере-" and vowel reduction patterns.
- выдающийся (vydayushchiysya): вы-да-ю-щий-ся. Demonstrates the suffixation patterns and stress placement.
10. Division Rules:
- Rule 1: Open Syllable Principle: Russian prefers CV syllables. This drives the division between consonants and vowels.
- Rule 2: Sonority Hierarchy: Syllables tend to be built around sonorant sounds (vowels, liquids, nasals).
- Rule 3: Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are often broken up by inserting a vowel sound (though not reflected in the orthographic syllable division).
11. Special Considerations:
The long consonant "тт" in "аттестовывающего" is a potential point of variation in pronunciation, but doesn't alter the syllable division. The vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant phonetic feature but doesn't affect the orthographic syllable division.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.