Hyphenation ofперепрограммируемому
Syllable Division:
пе-ре-про-грам-ми-ру-е-мо-му
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/pʲɪrʲɪprɐˈɡramːɪrʊˈjemʊ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000100000
Primary stress falls on the fifth syllable ('грам').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable, following 'пе'
Open syllable, consonant cluster.
Stressed, closed syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Syllable nucleus is a vowel.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: пере-
Proto-Slavic, indicates repetition/change
Root: грам-
Greek origin (γράφω - graphō), meaning 'to write'
Suffix: мируемому
Slavic, passive participle and dative case ending
Capable of being reprogrammed.
Translation: Reprogrammable
Examples:
"Этот компьютер перепрограммируемому."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the 'грам' root and similar suffixation.
Similar vowel patterns and consonant clusters.
Demonstrates handling of multiple prefixes and suffixes.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Principle
Prioritizes syllables ending in vowels. Consonants are assigned to the following vowel.
Sonority Hierarchy
Consonant clusters are broken down based on the sonority of the consonants, favoring the creation of open syllables.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a common feature of Russian phonology but does not affect the orthographic syllable division.
Consonant clusters are handled according to the open syllable principle, maximizing vowel-final syllables.
Summary:
The word 'перепрограммируемому' is syllabified based on the open syllable principle, prioritizing vowel-final syllables. It consists of nine syllables with stress on the fifth syllable ('грам'). The word is morphologically complex, built from prefixes, a Greek-derived root, and Slavic suffixes. It functions as a dative singular masculine/neuter adjective meaning 'reprogrammable'.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "перепрограммируемому" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "перепрограммируемому" is a complex adjective meaning "reprogrammable" (dative singular masculine/neuter). It's formed through extensive prefixation and suffixation of a verbal root. Pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (preferring syllables ending in vowels), and considering sonority hierarchies, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: пере- (pere-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Prefix indicating repetition, change, or completion of an action.
- Prefix: про- (pro-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Prefix indicating thoroughness or completion of an action.
- Root: -грам- (-gram-) - Origin: Greek (γράφω - graphō, "to write"). Function: Root denoting writing or recording.
- Suffix: -ми- (-mi-) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Part of the passive participle suffix.
- Suffix: -ру- (-ru-) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Part of the passive participle suffix.
- Suffix: -ем- (-em-) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Part of the passive participle suffix.
- Suffix: -ому (-omu) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Dative singular masculine/neuter ending.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: пе-ре-про-гра́м-ми-ру-е-мо-му.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/pʲɪrʲɪprɐˈɡramːɪrʊˈjemʊ/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Rule Explanation | Potential Exceptions |
|---|---|---|---|
| пе | /pʲɪ/ | Open syllable principle. Consonant followed by vowel. | None |
| ре | /rʲɪ/ | Open syllable principle. Consonant followed by vowel. | None |
| про | /prɐ/ | Open syllable principle. Consonant cluster followed by vowel. | None |
| гра́м | /ˈɡram/ | Stressed syllable. Consonant cluster followed by vowel. | None |
| ми | /mɪ/ | Open syllable principle. Consonant followed by vowel. | None |
| ру | /rʊ/ | Open syllable principle. Consonant followed by vowel. | None |
| е | /jɛ/ | Syllable nucleus is a vowel. | None |
| мо | /mɔ/ | Open syllable principle. Consonant followed by vowel. | None |
| му | /mʊ/ | Open syllable principle. Consonant followed by vowel. | None |
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian allows for some flexibility in handling consonant clusters, but the syllable division here adheres to the principle of maximizing open syllables. The vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a key feature of Russian phonology and influences the phonetic realization but doesn't alter the syllable division based on orthography.
8. Grammatical Role:
As an adjective, the syllabification remains consistent. If the word were part of a verbal form (e.g., a gerund), the stress and potentially some vowel reductions might shift, but the core syllable division would remain largely the same.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: перепрограммируемому
- Translation: Reprogrammable
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Grammatical Category: Dative singular masculine/neuter
- Synonyms: изменяемому (izmenyaemomu - changeable), корректируемому (korrektiruemomu - adjustable)
- Antonyms: неизменяемому (neizmenyaemomu - unchangeable)
- Examples: "Этот компьютер перепрограммируемому." (Etot komp'yuter pereprogrammiremumu - This computer is reprogrammable.)
10. Regional Variations:
While the core syllabification is standard, some regional accents might exhibit slight variations in vowel pronunciation or stress placement, but these wouldn't fundamentally alter the syllable division.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- программист (programmist - programmer): про-грам-мист. Similar structure with "грам" root. Stress on the second syllable.
- информатика (informatika - informatics): ин-фор-ма-ти-ка. Similar vowel patterns and consonant clusters. Stress on the third syllable.
- автоматизация (avtomatizatsiya - automation): ав-то-ма-ти-за-ци-я. Demonstrates the handling of longer words with multiple prefixes and suffixes. Stress on the fourth syllable.
The differences in stress placement are due to morphological and lexical factors, but the underlying syllabification principles remain consistent.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.