Hyphenation ofпокровительствующие

Linguistic Analysis of "покровительствующие" (pokrovitel'stvuyushchiye)

1. IPA Transcription:

/pəkɐvʲɪˈtʲelʲstvʊjʉɕːɪjə/

2. Morphemic Breakdown:

• Prefix: по- (po-) - Slavic prefix, indicating the beginning of an action or a downward direction, here functioning as a prefix indicating the initiation of the action of providing patronage.
• Root: -кровить- (-krovit'-) - From the verb "кровить" (krovit'), meaning "to patronize, to protect". Origin: Proto-Slavic *kroviti.
• Suffixes:
  • -тель- (-tel'-) - Suffix forming nouns denoting agents or those who perform an action (patron).
  • -ству- (-stvu-) - Suffix forming abstract nouns or nouns denoting a state or quality (patronage, the act of protecting).
  • -ющ- (-yushch-) - Present active participle suffix.
  • -ие (-iye) - Suffix forming adjectives from participles.

3. Stressed Syllable(s):

The primary stress falls on the syllable "-ству-" (-stvu-).

4. Syllables List with IPA and Rule Explanations:

• по- /pə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
• кро- /krɔ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
• ви- /vʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. Palatalization of the consonant influences the vowel quality.
• тель- /tʲelʲ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. Palatalization of the consonant influences the vowel quality.
• ству- /stvʊ/ - Open syllable, stressed. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. Stress influences vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
• ю- /jʉ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. The vowel "ю" is a diphthong.
• щи- /ɕːɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. The consonant "щ" is a long, palatalized sibilant.
• е /jə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel.

5. Syllable Division Rules Applied:

• Vowel-Based Syllabification: The primary rule applied is that syllables are formed around vowels. Each vowel (or diphthong) typically forms the nucleus of a syllable.
• Consonant Clustering: Consonant clusters are generally broken up according to sonority, but in this word, the clusters are relatively simple and follow the vowel-based rule.
• Palatalization: Palatalization of consonants influences vowel quality and can affect syllable boundaries, but doesn't directly dictate syllable division.

6. Exceptions and Special Cases:

• The "щ" consonant is a long sibilant and can sometimes cause slight variations in pronunciation, but it doesn't affect the syllable division.
• The vowel "ю" is a diphthong, but it functions as a single syllable nucleus.

7. Exceptions for the Word as a Whole:

• The length of the word and the number of suffixes can make pronunciation challenging, but the syllable division remains consistent with the rules.

8. Grammatical Role and Syllabification:

This word is an adjective in the plural, masculine/feminine/neuter form. The syllabification remains the same regardless of grammatical function.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: покровительствующие (pokrovitel'stvuyushchiye)
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Definitions:
  • Translation: Patronizing, protecting, sponsoring.
  • Synonyms: защищающие (zashchishchayushchiye - defending), поддерживающие (podderzhivayushchiye - supporting)
  • Antonyms: пренебрегающие (prenebregayushchiye - neglecting), игнорирующие (ignoriruyushchiye - ignoring)
  • Examples: "Покровительствующие организации" (Patronizing organizations), "Покровительствующие силы" (Protecting forces).

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Regional variations in pronunciation might affect vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, but the core syllable division remains consistent.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• помогающие (pomogayushchiye): /pəmɐˈɡajʉɕːɪjə/ - po-mo-ga-yu-shchi-ye. Similar syllable structure, vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
• участвующие (uchastvuyushchiye): /ʊt͡ɕɪˈstvʊjʉɕːɪjə/ - u-cha-st-vu-yu-shchi-ye. Similar syllable structure, vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
• развивающие (razvivayushchiye): /rɐzʲvʲɪˈvajʉɕːɪjə/ - ra-zvi-va-yu-shchi-ye. Similar syllable structure, vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.

The syllable division in all these words follows the same vowel-based rule. The differences lie in the specific consonants and vowels within each syllable, and the location of the stress.