Hyphenation ofполикристаллическому

Linguistic Analysis of "поликристаллическому" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "поликристаллическому" is a relatively complex Russian adjective meaning "polycrystalline" (dative singular masculine/neuter). Its pronunciation involves several consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: поли- (poli-) - From Greek "poly-" meaning "many". Function: multiplicative prefix.
• Root: кристал- (kristal-) - From Greek "krystallos" meaning "ice", hence "crystal". Function: denotes the core concept of crystal structure.
• Suffix: -лическ- (-lichesk-) - A suffix forming adjectives from nouns, often denoting quality or belonging. Origin: Slavic.
• Suffix: -ому (-omu) - Dative singular masculine/neuter ending. Function: grammatical case marking. Origin: Slavic.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: по-ли-кри-стал-ли́-че-ско-му.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/pəlʲɪkrʲɪstalʲɪˈt͡ɕeskəmʊ/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• по- /pə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• ли- /lʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant followed by vowel. No exceptions.
• кри- /krʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster followed by vowel. No exceptions.
• стал- /stal/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster followed by vowel. No exceptions.
• ли́- /lʲɪ/ - Stressed, open syllable. Rule: Stress influences vowel quality (vowel lengthening and clarity).
• че- /t͡ɕe/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant followed by vowel. No exceptions.
• ско- /skə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster followed by vowel. No exceptions.
• му /mʊ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster at the end of the word. Vowel reduction is common in unstressed syllables.

7. Edge Case Review:

Russian allows for some flexibility in syllabification, particularly with consonant clusters. However, the above breakdown is the most standard and phonologically justifiable.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective in the dative singular masculine/neuter form. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical case.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Относящийся к поликристаллам; состоящий из множества мелких кристаллов. (Relating to polycrystals; consisting of many small crystals.)
• Translation: Polycrystalline
• Grammatical Category: Adjective
• Synonyms: Многокристаллический (mnogokristallicheskiy - multi-crystalline)
• Antonyms: Монокристаллический (monokristallicheskiy - monocrystalline)
• Examples:
  • "Поликристаллическому кремнию свойственна высокая механическая прочность." (Polycrystalline silicon is characterized by high mechanical strength.)

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed above, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllabification.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• автомобильному (avtomobil'nomu): /ɐftəmɐˈbʲilʲnəmʊ/ - Syllables: а-вто-мо-биль-но-му. Similar structure with consonant clusters. Stress placement differs.
• электрическому (elektricheskomu): /ɪlʲɪktriˈt͡ɕeskəmʊ/ - Syllables: э-лек-три-че-ско-му. Similar suffixation and dative ending.
• математическому (matematicheskomu): /mətɪmaˈtʲit͡ɕeskəmʊ/ - Syllables: ма-те-ма-ти-че-ско-му. Similar length and complexity, with consonant clusters and vowel reduction.

The differences in syllable division are primarily due to the specific consonant and vowel sequences in each word, but the underlying principles of Russian syllabification remain consistent.