Hyphenation ofполукристаллическому

Linguistic Analysis of "полукристаллическому" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "полукристаллическому" is an adjective in Russian, meaning "semi-crystalline" or "partially crystalline." It's a relatively complex word formed through prefixation and suffixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: полу- (polu-) - From Old Russian, meaning "half," "semi-".
• Root: кристал- (kristal-) - Borrowed from Greek κρύσταλλος (krystallos), meaning "ice," "crystal."
• Suffix: -лическ- (-lichesk-) - A suffix forming adjectives denoting quality or belonging to a class. Derived from the root лич- (lich-), meaning "face," "appearance," and combined with the adjectival suffix -ск- (-sk-).
• Suffix: -ому (-omu) - Dative singular masculine/neuter adjectival ending.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: по-лу-кри-стал-ли́-че-ско-му.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/pəlʊ krʲɪs̪tɐˈlʲit͡ɕɪskəmʊ/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets. Consonant clusters are usually broken up to create syllables with a single consonant onset. Vowel reduction is significant in unstressed syllables, impacting the phonetic realization but not the orthographic syllable division.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: полукристаллическому
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Definitions:
  • "Semi-crystalline"
  • "Partially crystalline"
• Translation: Semi-crystalline
• Synonyms: не полностью кристаллическому (ne polnost'yu kristallicheskomu) - "not fully crystalline"
• Antonyms: кристаллическому (kristallicheskomu) - "crystalline"
• Examples:
  • "Этот материал имеет полукристаллическую структуру." (Etot material imeyet polukristallicheskuyu strukturu.) - "This material has a semi-crystalline structure."

9. Phonological Comparison:

• кристаллизация (kristallizatsiya): "crystallization" - кри-стал-ли-за-ци-я (kri-stal-li-za-tsi-ya). Similar root, similar syllable structure.
• кристальный (kristal'nyy): "crystalline" - кри-стал-ный (kri-stal-nyy). Shares the root and exhibits a similar syllable division pattern.
• полупроводниковый (poluprovodnikovy): "semiconductor" - по-лу-про-вод-ни-ко-вый (po-lu-pro-vod-ni-ko-vyy). Similar prefix and a complex suffix structure, demonstrating the typical Russian pattern of adding suffixes.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Consonant Clusters: Consonant clusters are generally broken up to create syllables with a single consonant onset (e.g., кр- in кристал-).
• Rule 2: Vowel-Consonant-Vowel: Syllables are formed around vowels, with consonants assigned to the adjacent vowel (e.g., лу- in полу-).
• Rule 3: Maximizing Onsets: Russian favors syllables with consonant onsets whenever possible.

11. Special Considerations:

The vowel /ʊ/ in the first syllable is a reduced vowel due to being unstressed. This is a common phonetic feature of Russian but doesn't affect the orthographic syllable division.