Hyphenation ofпространственно-временной
Syllable Division:
про-стран-стве́н-но-вре́-мен-ной
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/prɐˈstranstvʲɪnːə ˈvrʲemʲɪnːəj/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0110110
Primary stress falls on the third syllable ('стве́н') and the fifth syllable ('вре').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable. Consonant followed by a vowel.
Closed syllable, stressed. Consonant cluster followed by a vowel.
Closed syllable, stressed. Palatalized consonant, vowel, and consonant.
Open syllable, unstressed. Reduced vowel.
Open syllable, stressed. Palatalized consonant and vowel.
Closed syllable, stressed. Palatalized consonant and vowel.
Closed syllable, unstressed. Geminate consonant and reduced vowel.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: про-
Slavic origin, indicates direction/spatial relation.
Root: странств-
Derived from 'странный' (strange, wandering), related to space.
Suffix: -енн-
Slavic origin, forms adjectives.
Relating to both space and time; spatio-temporal.
Translation: Spatio-temporal
Examples:
"Пространственно-временной анализ данных"
"Пространственно-временной континуум описывается в теории относительности."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar initial syllable structure and consonant-vowel patterns.
Shares the root 'стран-' and similar syllable structure.
Shares the root 'времен-' and similar syllable structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Sonority Sequencing Principle
Syllables are formed around a sonority peak (vowel).
Open Syllable Preference
Russian favors open syllables (CV).
Consonant Cluster Resolution
Consonant clusters are broken up to maximize open syllables.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The geminate consonant 'нн' influences syllable weight.
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a key feature of Russian pronunciation.
The linking vowel 'о' is reduced in unstressed position.
Summary:
The word 'пространственно-временной' is a complex adjective divided into seven syllables: про-стран-стве́н-но-вре́-мен-ной. It's formed by compounding and affixation, with stress on the third and fifth syllables. Syllabification follows Russian rules prioritizing open syllables and resolving consonant clusters.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "пространственно-временной" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "пространственно-временной" (prostranstvenno-vremennoy) is a complex adjective meaning "spatio-temporal". It's formed by compounding and affixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize open syllables (ending in a vowel) whenever possible, and considering consonant clusters, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- про- (pro-): Prefix, of Slavic origin. Function: Indicates direction or spatial relation.
- странств- (stranstv-): Root, derived from "странный" (strannyy) - strange, wandering. Related to the concept of space or travel.
- -енн- (-enn-): Suffix, Slavic origin. Forms adjectives.
- -о- (-o-): Linking vowel, connecting the two adjective stems.
- -времен- (-vremenn-): Root, derived from "время" (vremya) - time.
- -ной (-noy): Suffix, Slavic origin. Forms adjectives.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: про-стран-стве́н-но-вре́-мен-ной.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/prɐˈstranstvʲɪnːə ˈvrʲemʲɪnːəj/
6. Edge Case Review:
The double consonants (нн) require careful consideration. They are pronounced as geminates (long consonants) and influence syllable weight. The linking vowel 'о' is reduced in unstressed position.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word functions primarily as an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to both space and time; spatio-temporal.
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Translation: Spatio-temporal
- Synonyms: пространственно-временной континуум (prostranstvenno-vremennoy kontinuum - spatio-temporal continuum)
- Antonyms: (Difficult to provide a direct antonym, as it's a relational concept. Perhaps "atemporal" or "aspatial" in specific contexts.)
- Examples:
- "Пространственно-временной анализ данных" (Prostranstvenno-vremennoy analiz dannykh - Spatio-temporal data analysis)
- "Пространственно-временной континуум описывается в теории относительности." (Prostranstvenno-vremennoy kontinuum opisыvaetsya v teorii otnositel'nosti - The spatio-temporal continuum is described in the theory of relativity.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- промышленный (promyshlennyy - industrial): про-мыш-лен-ный. Similar initial syllable structure. Stress falls on the second syllable.
- странный (strannyy - strange): стран-ный. Shares the root "стран-" and similar syllable structure.
- временем (vremenom - by time): вре-ме-ном. Shares the root "времен-" and similar syllable structure.
The differences in stress placement and syllable weight are due to the varying morphological structures and the presence of suffixes.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or consonant palatalization. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllable division.
11. Division Rules:
- Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables tend to be formed around a sonority peak (vowel).
- Open Syllable Preference: Russian favors open syllables (CV).
- Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are broken up in a way that maximizes the number of open syllables.
- Moraic Weight: Long consonants (geminates) contribute to syllable weight.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.