Hyphenation ofпротивоперегрузочное
Syllable Division:
про-ти-во-пе-ре-гру-зо-чное
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/prɐtʲɪvɐpʲɪrʲɪɡrʊˈzɔt͡ɕnəjə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00000010
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('зоч').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, root syllable.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, adjectival ending.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: противо-
Proto-Slavic origin, meaning 'against, opposite'.
Root: -груз-
Proto-Slavic origin, meaning 'burden, load'.
Suffix: -оперегрузочное
Combination of linking vowels, intensifying prefix, and adjectival suffixes.
Resistant to overload; designed to prevent damage from excessive load.
Translation: Anti-overload
Examples:
"противоперегрузочное устройство"
"противоперегрузочное реле"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar prefix/suffix structure and complex morphology.
Shares the 'пере-' prefix and complex suffixation.
Multiple prefixes and suffixes, similar to the target word.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Principle
Attempts to create CV syllables whenever possible.
Sonority Hierarchy
Consonant clusters are resolved based on the sonority of the consonants.
Vowel Reduction
Unstressed vowels are reduced to schwa or other reduced forms.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Consonant clusters are common in Russian and require careful syllabification.
Linking vowels play a crucial role in separating morphemes and influencing syllable structure.
Vowel reduction is a significant feature of Russian phonology.
Summary:
The word 'противоперегрузочное' is a complex Russian adjective formed through extensive prefixation and suffixation. Syllabification follows the open syllable principle and considers vowel reduction. Stress falls on the penultimate syllable. The word means 'anti-overload' and is commonly used in technical contexts.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "противоперегрузочное" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "противоперегрузочное" is a complex adjective meaning "anti-overload" or "overload-resistant." It's formed through extensive prefixation and suffixation. Pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (attempting to create CV syllables), and considering sonority hierarchies, the division is as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: противо- (protivo-) - From Proto-Slavic protivo, meaning "against, opposite." Function: Denotes opposition.
- Root: -груз- (-gruz-) - From Proto-Slavic grъzdъ, meaning "burden, load." Function: Core meaning related to load.
- Suffixes: -о- (-o-) - Linking vowel. Function: Connects root to the following suffix. -пере- (-pere-) - From Proto-Slavic perě, meaning "over, across, again." Function: Intensifies or changes the meaning to "overload." -о- (-o-) - Linking vowel. Function: Connects root to the following suffix. -очн- (-ochn-) - From Proto-Slavic, forming adjectives. Function: Adjectival suffix. -ое (-oe) - Adjectival ending, neuter gender, singular. Function: Grammatical marker.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: про-ти-во-пе-ре-гру-зоч-ное.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/prɐtʲɪvɐpʲɪrʲɪɡrʊˈzɔt͡ɕnəjə/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Rule Explanation | Potential Exceptions |
|---|---|---|---|
| про | /prɐ/ | Open syllable principle. Consonant cluster 'pr' is permissible at the beginning of a word. | None |
| ти | /tʲɪ/ | Following vowel 'и' creates a closed syllable. Palatalization of 'т' due to following 'и'. | None |
| во | /vɐ/ | Open syllable. Vowel reduction of 'о' to /ɐ/ in an unstressed position. | Vowel reduction is standard. |
| пе | /pʲɪ/ | Closed syllable. Palatalization of 'п' due to following 'и'. | None |
| ре | /rʲɪ/ | Closed syllable. Palatalization of 'р' due to following 'и'. | None |
| гру | /ɡrʊ/ | Open syllable. | None |
| зо | /zɔ/ | Open syllable. Vowel reduction of 'о' to /ɔ/ in an unstressed position. | Vowel reduction is standard. |
| чное | /t͡ɕnəjə/ | Closed syllable. 'ч' is a single phoneme. 'oe' is a diphthong. | None |
7. Edge Case Review:
The word contains several consonant clusters, which are common in Russian but require careful syllabification. The linking vowels '-о-' are crucial for separating morphemes and influencing syllable structure.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: противоперегрузочное
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Definitions:
- Translation: Anti-overload, overload-resistant
- Synonyms: усиленное (usilennoe - reinforced), надежное (nadezhnoe - reliable)
- Antonyms: перегруженное (peregruzhennoe - overloaded)
- Examples: "противоперегрузочное устройство" (anti-overload device), "противоперегрузочное реле" (overload relay)
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Minor variations in vowel reduction might occur depending on the speaker's dialect, but the core syllabification remains consistent.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- безопасность (bezopasnost'): "safety" - бе-зо-пас-ность. Similar structure with prefix and suffixation. Stress on the third syllable.
- переутомление (pereutomleniye): "overfatigue" - пе-ре-у-том-ле-ни-е. Similar prefix 'пере-' and complex suffixation. Stress on the fourth syllable.
- высококачественный (vysokokachestvennyy): "high-quality" - вы-со-ко-ка-че-ст-вен-ный. Multiple prefixes and suffixes. Stress on the fifth syllable.
The differences in syllable division and stress placement are due to the varying lengths and structures of the prefixes, roots, and suffixes, as well as the inherent stress patterns of Russian words.
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