Hyphenation ofпрямолинейно-параллельный
Syllable Division:
пря-мо-ли-ней-но-па-раллель-ный
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/prʲɪmɐlʲɪˈnʲejnə pərɐˈlʲelʲnɨj/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
10000010
Primary stress falls on the third syllable ('ли') and the seventh syllable ('раллель').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable, stressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Closed syllable, stressed.
Closed syllable, unstressed.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: прямо-
From 'прямой' (straight), indicates direction.
Root: линейн-
From 'линия' (line), core meaning related to lines.
Suffix: -параллельн-ый
From 'параллельный' (parallel), adjectival suffix.
Rectilinear-parallel; having both straight lines and parallelism.
Translation: Rectilinear-parallel
Examples:
"Прямолинейно-параллельный дизайн здания был впечатляющим."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the root 'линейн-'
Shares the root 'параллельн-'
Contains the prefix 'прямо-'
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Principle
Russian prefers syllables ending in vowels. Syllables are formed around vowels.
Consonant Cluster Resolution
Consonant clusters are generally broken up to create open syllables, but consonant clusters that are historically or phonotactically common are kept together.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The hyphenated structure requires independent syllabification of each part, but the overall stress pattern considers the entire word.
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a key feature of Russian pronunciation and affects the phonetic realization of the syllables.
Summary:
The word 'прямолинейно-параллельный' is a complex adjective syllabified based on the open syllable principle and consonant cluster resolution. It's composed of a prefix, two roots, a linking vowel, and an adjectival suffix. Stress falls on the third and seventh syllables. The phonetic transcription reflects vowel reduction in unstressed positions.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "прямолинейно-параллельный" (pryamolineyno-parallel'nyy)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "прямолинейно-параллельный" (pryamolineyno-parallel'nyy) is a complex adjective meaning "straight-lined-parallel" or "rectilinear-parallel". It's formed through compounding and affixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (preferring syllables ending in vowels), and considering consonant clusters, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- прямо- (pryamo-): Prefix, derived from "прямой" (pryamoy) - "straight". Function: Indicates direction or manner.
- линейн- (lineyn-): Root, derived from "линия" (liniya) - "line". Function: Core meaning related to lines.
- -о- (-o-): Linking vowel, connecting the prefix and root.
- -параллельн- (-parallel'n-): Root, derived from "параллельный" (parallel'nyy) - "parallel". Function: Core meaning related to parallelism.
- -ый (-yy): Adjectival suffix, indicating masculine singular nominative case.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: прямолинейно-параллельный.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/prʲɪmɐlʲɪˈnʲejnə pərɐˈlʲelʲnɨj/
6. Edge Case Review:
The hyphenated structure introduces a slight complexity. While each part is syllabified independently, the overall word's stress is determined considering the entire structure.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word functions primarily as an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its use in a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Rectilinear-parallel; having both straight lines and parallelism.
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Translation: Rectilinear-parallel
- Synonyms: (Rarely used due to specificity) Прямоугольный и параллельный (Pryamougol'nyy i parallel'nyy) - Rectangular and parallel.
- Antonyms: Криволинейный (Krivolineynyy) - Curvilinear.
- Examples:
- "Прямолинейно-параллельный дизайн здания был впечатляющим." (Pryamolineyno-parallel'nyy dizayn zdaniya byl vpechatlyayushchim.) - "The rectilinear-parallel design of the building was impressive."
9. Phonological Comparison:
- линейка (lineyka) - ruler: ли-ней-ка /lʲɪˈnʲejkə/ - Similar syllable structure, with the root "линейн-" present.
- параллельный (parallel'nyy) - parallel: па-раллель-ный /pərɐˈlʲelʲnɨj/ - Shares the root "параллельн-", demonstrating consistent syllabification.
- прямой (pryamoy) - straight: пря-мой /prʲɪˈmoj/ - Contains the prefix "прямо-", showing similar initial syllable division.
These comparisons demonstrate the consistent application of Russian syllabification rules, prioritizing open syllables and respecting consonant clusters.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.