Hyphenation ofсреднеарифметическому

Linguistic Analysis of "среднеарифметическому" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "среднеарифметическому" is a complex, highly inflected form in Russian. It's the dative singular masculine/neuter form of an adjective derived from a compound noun. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a key feature of Russian phonology.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

сред-не-а-риф-ме-ти-че-ско-му

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• сред- (sred-): Prefix, derived from the root "сред-" meaning "middle". Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Indicates a middle or average value.
• -не- (-ne-): Interfix, connecting the prefix and root. Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Forms compound words.
• -арифметич- (-arifmetich-): Root, borrowed from Greek "arithmetikos" (ἀριθμητικός), meaning "relating to arithmetic". Function: Core meaning of the word.
• -еск- (-esk-): Suffix, derived from Greek "-ikos". Origin: Greek. Function: Forms adjectives.
• -ому (-omu): Suffix, dative singular masculine/neuter ending. Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Indicates grammatical case and gender.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: а-риф-ме-ти-че-ско-му.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/srʲɪdʲnʲɪɐˈrʲifmʲɪtʲɪt͡ɕɪˈskomʊ/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets. Consonant clusters are broken up in a way that creates pronounceable syllables. The "тич" cluster is a common example where the 't' is considered part of the following syllable.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective in the dative singular masculine/neuter form. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of the grammatical role, as the inflectional endings are clearly demarcated.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Relating to the arithmetic mean; average.
• Translation: Arithmetic average (to/for something).
• Grammatical Category: Adjective
• Synonyms: средний (sredniy - average), усредненный (usrednennyy - averaged)
• Antonyms: крайний (krayniy - extreme), максимальный (maksimal'nyy - maximum), минимальный (minimal'nyy - minimum)
• Examples:
  • "Вычислите значение, близкое к среднеарифметическому." (Vychislite znacheniye, blizkoye k srednearithmeticheskomu.) - "Calculate a value close to the arithmetic average."

9. Phonological Comparison:

• математическому (matematicheskomu): ма-те-ма-ти-че-ско-му. Similar syllable structure, stress on the fourth syllable.
• геометрическому (geometricheskomu): гео-ме-три-че-ско-му. Similar syllable structure, stress on the fourth syllable.
• экономическому (ekonomicheskomu): э-ко-но-ми-че-ско-му. Similar syllable structure, stress on the fourth syllable.

The consistent stress pattern on the fourth syllable from the end in these words (and many others with the "-скому" ending) demonstrates a regular phonological pattern in Russian adjective inflection. The differences in the initial syllables reflect the different root morphemes.

Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Vowel Sonority: Syllables are formed around vowel sounds.
• Rule 2: Maximizing Onsets: Consonant clusters are broken to create pronounceable syllables, favoring consonant-vowel (CV) structures.
• Rule 3: Morphological Boundaries: Syllable division often respects morphemic boundaries.
• Rule 4: Soft Consonants: Palatalized consonants (like 'д' and 'т' after vowels) tend to remain within their syllable.