Hyphenation ofтактико-технический
Syllable Division:
та-кти-ко-тех-ни-че-ский
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/tɐkˈtʲikə tʲɪxˈnʲit͡ɕɪskʲɪj/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0101011
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable 'тех'.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, vowel nucleus 'a'
Closed syllable, vowel nucleus 'и'
Open syllable, vowel nucleus 'о'
Closed syllable, vowel nucleus 'е'
Closed syllable, vowel nucleus 'и'
Closed syllable, vowel nucleus 'е'
Closed syllable, vowel nucleus 'и'
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: тактико-
From Latin 'tactica', relating to tactics.
Root: техн-
From Greek 'technē', relating to technology.
Suffix: -ическ-ий
Adjectival suffix denoting belonging or relation.
Relating to both tactics and technology; combining tactical and technical aspects.
Translation: Tactical and technical
Examples:
"тактико-технические характеристики"
"тактико-техническое превосходство"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar alternating consonant-vowel structure.
Similar syllable structure with longer vowel sequences.
Similar structure with a prefix and a root related to technology.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Syllable Nucleus
Each syllable must contain a vowel.
Sonority Hierarchy
Syllable boundaries avoid breaking up consonant clusters where sonority decreases.
Russian Syllable Structure
Russian syllables typically follow the (C)V(C) pattern.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
The hyphenated structure of the compound word does not alter the basic syllabification rules.
Summary:
The word 'тактико-технический' is syllabified into seven syllables: та-кти-ко-тех-ни-че-ский, with stress on the penultimate syllable. It's a complex adjective formed from Latin and Greek roots, combining tactical and technical elements. Syllabification follows standard Russian rules based on vowel nuclei and sonority hierarchy.
Detailed Analysis:
Russian Word Analysis: тактико-технический
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "тактико-технический" (taktiko-tekhnicheskiy) is a complex adjective meaning "tactical and technical." It's formed by combining elements related to tactics and technology. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
та-кти-ко-тех-ни-че-ский
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: тактико- (taktiko-) - From Latin tactica via French, relating to arrangement or order, specifically tactical considerations. Functions as a combining form.
- Root: техн- (tekhn-) - From Greek technē (τέχνη), meaning art, skill, or craft, relating to technology.
- Suffix: -ическ- (ichesk-) - A suffix forming adjectives denoting belonging to or relating to something. Originates from Old Church Slavonic.
- Suffix: -ий (-iy) - Adjectival ending, indicating masculine singular nominative case.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: тех-ни́-че-ский.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/tɐkˈtʲikə tʲɪxˈnʲit͡ɕɪskʲɪj/
6. Syllable List with IPA & Rule Explanations:
- та /tɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around a vowel nucleus. No consonant clusters prevent division.
- кти /kʲtʲɪ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster 'кт' allows syllable division after the vowel 'и'.
- ко /kə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel nucleus 'о'.
- тех /tʲɪx/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster 'тх' allows syllable division after the vowel 'е'.
- ни /nʲɪ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel nucleus 'и'.
- че /t͡ɕɪ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster 'ч' allows syllable division after the vowel 'е'.
- ский /skʲɪj/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster 'ск' allows syllable division after the vowel 'и'.
7. Syllable Division Rules Applied:
- Syllable Nucleus: Each syllable must contain a vowel (nucleus).
- Sonority Hierarchy: Syllable boundaries generally avoid breaking up consonant clusters where sonority decreases.
- Russian Syllable Structure: Russian syllables are typically of the form (C)V(C).
8. Exceptions & Special Cases:
- Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor in pronunciation, but doesn't affect the orthographic syllable division.
- The hyphenated structure "тактико-технический" presents a compound word, but the syllabification rules still apply to each component.
9. Grammatical Role & Syllabification Shifts:
The word is primarily an adjective. While it doesn't significantly shift syllabification based on grammatical case, the stress remains fixed on the penultimate syllable regardless of declension.
10. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: тактико-технический (taktiko-tekhnicheskiy)
- Translation: Tactical and technical
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Synonyms: стратегический и технический (strategicheskiy i tekhnicheskiy - strategic and technical)
- Antonyms: нетехнический (netekhnicheskiy - non-technical)
- Examples:
- "тактико-технические характеристики" (taktiko-tekhnicheskiye kharakteristiki) - tactical and technical characteristics
- "тактико-техническое превосходство" (taktiko-tekhnicheskoye prevoshodstvo) - tactical and technical superiority
11. Phonological Comparison:
- автомобильный (avtomobil'nyy): a-вто-мо-би́ль-ный. Similar syllable structure with alternating consonant-vowel patterns. Stress on the penultimate syllable.
- информационный (informatsionnyy): ин-фор-ма-ци-о́н-ный. Similar syllable structure, but with a longer sequence of vowels. Stress on the antepenultimate syllable.
- политехнический (politekhnicheskiy): по-ли-тех-ни́-че-ский. Similar structure, with a prefix and a root related to technology. Stress on the penultimate syllable.
The differences in syllable division arise from the specific consonant clusters and vowel sequences within each word, but the underlying principles of Russian syllabification remain consistent.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.