Hyphenation ofфункционально-морфологический
Syllable Division:
функ-ци-о-наль-но-мор-фо-ло-ги-че-ский
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/fʊnkt͡sɪɐˈnalʲnə mɐrfɐlɐˈɡʲit͡ɕɪskʲɪj/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00010001001
Primary stress falls on the syllable '-ло-' (the 8th syllable). Stress is dynamic and can influence vowel reduction.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Closed syllable.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Closed syllable.
Open syllable, linking vowel.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Closed, stressed syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Closed syllable, final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: функциональ-
Derived from 'функция' (function), Latin origin (functio), indicates relating to function.
Root: морфолог-
Derived from 'морфология' (morphology), Greek origin (morphē + logos), relates to form and structure.
Suffix: -ическ-ий
Adjectival suffix of Slavic origin, forming an adjective from a noun.
Relating to both function and morphology.
Translation: Functional-morphological
Examples:
"Функционально-морфологический анализ языка"
"Функционально-морфологические особенности словаря."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure and stress pattern.
Similar prefix structure and vowel reduction.
Similar suffix structure and stress pattern.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel Nucleus Rule
Each syllable contains a vowel nucleus. Vowels form the core of each syllable.
Consonant Boundary Rule
Consonants following vowels typically create syllable boundaries.
Stress Rule
Stress influences vowel pronunciation and can affect syllable perception.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant feature of Russian pronunciation, but does not alter syllable division.
The linking vowel '-но-' connects the prefix and root, forming a single prosodic unit.
Summary:
The word 'функционально-морфологический' is a complex adjective divided into 11 syllables based on vowel nuclei and consonant boundaries. The primary stress falls on the syllable '-ло-'. It's formed from a Latin-derived prefix, a Greek-derived root, and Slavic suffixes. Syllabification follows standard Russian rules, with vowel reduction affecting pronunciation but not division.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "функционально-морфологический" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "функционально-морфологический" (funktsional'no-morfologicheskiy) is a complex adjective meaning "functional-morphological". It's a compound word formed from several morphemes. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
функ-ци-о-наль-но-мор-фо-ло-ги-че-ский
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- функциональ- (funktsional'): Prefix derived from "функция" (funktsiya - function), of Latin origin (functio). Indicates relating to function.
- -но- (-no): Linking vowel, connecting the prefix to the root.
- -морфолог- (morfolog): Root derived from "морфология" (morfologiya - morphology), of Greek origin (morphē + logos). Relates to form and structure.
- -ическ- (-ichesk): Suffix, forming an adjective from a noun. Of Slavic origin.
- -ий (-iy): Adjectival ending, indicating masculine singular nominative case. Of Slavic origin.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the syllable "-ло-": фун-кци-о-наль-но-мор-фо-ло-ги-че-ский.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/fʊnkt͡sɪɐˈnalʲnə mɐrfɐlɐˈɡʲit͡ɕɪskʲɪj/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
- функ- (funk): Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No consonant clusters prevent division. /fʊnk/
- ци- (tsi): Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant after vowel creates a syllable boundary. /t͡sɪ/
- о- (o): Open syllable. Rule: Vowel forms a syllable nucleus. /ɐ/
- наль- (nal'): Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant after vowel. /nalʲ/
- но- (no): Open syllable. Rule: Vowel forms a syllable nucleus. /nə/
- мор- (mor): Open syllable. Rule: Vowel forms a syllable nucleus. /mɐr/
- фо- (fo): Open syllable. Rule: Vowel forms a syllable nucleus. /fɐ/
- ло- (lo): Closed syllable, stressed. Rule: Consonant after vowel, stressed syllable. /lɐˈɡʲɪ/
- ги- (gi): Open syllable. Rule: Vowel forms a syllable nucleus. /ɡʲɪ/
- че- (che): Open syllable. Rule: Vowel forms a syllable nucleus. /t͡ɕɪ/
- ский (skiy): Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant after vowel. /skʲɪj/
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification generally avoids breaking up consonant clusters unless they are complex and difficult to pronounce. This word doesn't present such a cluster. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a key consideration in pronunciation, but doesn't affect syllable division.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: функционально-морфологический (funktsional'no-morfologicheskiy)
- Translation: Functional-morphological
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Synonyms: (None readily available as a single-word equivalent)
- Antonyms: (Difficult to define a direct antonym)
- Examples:
- "Функционально-морфологический анализ языка" - "Functional-morphological analysis of the language."
10. Regional Variations:
Minor variations in vowel pronunciation might occur across different Russian dialects, but these do not significantly alter the syllable division.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- образовательный (obrazovatel'nyy) - "educational": o-бра-зо-ва-тель-ный. Similar syllable structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
- информационный (informatsionnyy) - "informational": ин-фор-ма-ци-он-ный. Similar prefix structure and vowel reduction.
- психологический (psikhologicheskiy) - "psychological": пси-хо-ло-ги-че-ский. Similar suffix structure and stress pattern.
The differences in syllable division are primarily due to the varying consonant and vowel sequences within the root and prefix of each word. The core rules of Russian syllabification remain consistent.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.