Hyphenation ofхарактеризовавшемуся

Linguistic Analysis of "характеризовавшемуся" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "характеризовавшемуся" is a long, complex word in Russian, a past active participle masculine singular in the dative case. It's derived from the verb "характеризовать" (to characterize). Pronunciation involves a series of consonants and vowels, with potential for vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (preferring syllables to end in a vowel), and considering consonant clusters, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• характер- (kharakter-) - Root. From Greek "charakter" meaning "mark, distinctive quality".
• -из- (-iz-) - Suffix. A suffix forming verbs from nouns, often indicating a process or action.
• -ова- (-ova-) - Suffix. A suffix used to form verbs, indicating a repeated or habitual action.
• -в- (-v-) - Suffix. Connective suffix.
• -шему- (-shemu-) - Suffix. Participle suffix, masculine singular, dative case.
• -ся (-sya) - Reflexive/Passive particle. Indicates a reflexive action or a passive voice construction.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the sixth syllable: ха-рак-те-ри-зо-ва́в-ше-му-ся.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/xərɐktʲɪrɐˈvavʲɪmʊsʲə/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification can be tricky with consonant clusters. The rule generally dictates that consonants are split if they create a difficult-to-pronounce cluster, but in this case, the clusters are permissible and follow the open syllable principle as much as possible. Vowel reduction is a significant factor in pronunciation, with unstressed 'o' often becoming 'a' or a schwa-like sound.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is a participle, functioning as an adjective modifying a noun in the dative case. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its specific grammatical function within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Being characterized, having been characterized.
• Translation: Being characterized, having been characterized.
• Part of Speech: Participle (adjectival)
• Synonyms: описываемому (opisyvaemomu - being described), определяемому (opredelyayemomu - being defined).
• Antonyms: неопределенному (neopredelennomu - undefined), нехарактеризованному (nekharkterizovannomu - not characterized).
• Examples:
  • "Проблема, характеризующаяся сложностью, требует тщательного анализа." (The problem, being characterized by complexity, requires careful analysis.)
  • "Объект, характеризующемуся высокой точностью, был выбран для эксперимента." (The object, being characterized by high precision, was selected for the experiment.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• характеристика (kharakteristika): ха-рак-те-ри-сти-ка. Similar syllable structure, stress on the fifth syllable.
• характеризовать (kharakterizovat'): ха-рак-те-ри-зо-вать. Similar syllable structure, stress on the fifth syllable.
• охарактеризовать (okharakterizovat'): о-ха-рак-те-ри-зо-вать. The addition of the prefix 'о-' creates an initial open syllable. Stress remains on the fifth syllable.

The differences in syllable division are primarily due to the addition or subtraction of suffixes and prefixes, which alter the length and structure of the word. The core syllable structure around the root "характер-" remains consistent.

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Vowel reduction can vary slightly depending on dialect. Some speakers might pronounce unstressed 'o' as a more distinct 'a' sound, while others might reduce it to a schwa. This doesn't significantly alter the syllable division.

11. Division Rules:

• Open Syllable Principle: Syllables tend to end in vowels.
• Consonant Cluster Rule: Consonant clusters are split if they create a difficult-to-pronounce sequence, but permissible clusters remain intact.
• Moraic Weight: Longer syllables (those with more complex structures) are less likely to be split.