Hyphenation ofэнцефалографическому

Linguistic Analysis of "энцефалографическому" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "энцефалографическому" is a highly complex adjectival form in Russian. It describes something related to an encephalograph. Pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of the language.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters): эн-це-фа-ло-гра-фи-че-ско-му

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: эн- (en-) - From Greek en- meaning "in, within".
• Root: цефал- (cephal-) - From Greek kephalē meaning "head".
• Suffixes:
  • -о- (-o-) - Connecting vowel, often found in compound words.
  • -граф- (-graph-) - From Greek graphō meaning "to write, record". Forms a noun denoting an instrument.
  • -ическ- (-ichesk-) - Adjectival suffix, indicating belonging to or relating to.
  • -ому (-omu) - Dative singular masculine/neuter adjectival ending.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the syllable "-ско-" (ско).

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ɛnʲt͡sʲɪfɐlɐˈɡrafʲɪt͡ɕɪskəmʊ/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• эн (en): /ɛnʲ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant and ends with a vowel. Exception: Palatalization of 'н' due to following 'ц'.
• це (tse): /t͡sʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant followed by vowel. Exception: 'ц' is a single phoneme in Russian, and palatalizes the following vowel.
• фа (fa): /fɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant followed by vowel.
• ло (lo): /lɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant followed by vowel.
• гра (gra): /ɡrɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant followed by vowel.
• фи (fi): /fʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant followed by vowel. Exception: Palatalization of 'ф' due to following 'и'.
• че (che): /t͡ɕɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant followed by vowel. 'ч' is a single phoneme.
• ско (sko): /ˈskɔ/ - Closed syllable (stressed). Rule: Consonant cluster followed by vowel. Stress falls here.
• му (mu): /mʊ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant followed by vowel. Vowel reduction in unstressed position.

7. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally avoids breaking consonant clusters unless they are particularly complex. The cluster "гр" is permissible within a single syllable. The palatalization of consonants before "е, ё, и, ю, я" is a consistent rule.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective in the dative singular masculine/neuter form. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of the case or gender.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: энцефалографическому
• Translation: to/for encephalographic (relating to an encephalograph)
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Definitions: Relating to or pertaining to an encephalograph; used for recording brain activity.
• Synonyms: (None readily available as it's a highly specific term)
• Antonyms: (None readily available)
• Examples: "Энцефалографическому исследованию была посвящена вся работа." (The entire work was devoted to the encephalographic study.)

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations would not significantly alter the syllable division.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• автомобильному (avtomobil'nomu): a-вто-мо-биль-но-му. Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters.
• фотографическому (fotograficheskomu): фо-то-гра-фи-че-ско-му. Similar suffix structure and stress pattern.
• телеграфическому (telegraficheskomu): те-ле-гра-фи-че-ско-му. Similar prefix and suffix structure, with comparable syllable division.

The differences in syllable division arise primarily from the different initial consonant clusters and the presence of palatalized consonants. The core rules of Russian syllabification remain consistent across these words.