Hyphenation offörsäljningssiffrorna

Swedish Word Analysis: försäljningssiffrorna

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "försäljningssiffrorna" is a complex noun in Swedish, meaning "the sales figures." It's a compound word built from several morphemes. Pronunciation involves a mix of voiced and voiceless consonants, and vowel qualities typical of Standard Swedish.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Swedish syllabification rules, which generally favor maximizing onsets (consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable), the word is divided as follows (using only the original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• för-: Prefix, origin: Swedish, function: intensifying or indicating completion/advancement.
• sälj-: Root, origin: Proto-Germanic *saljaną, function: to sell.
• nings-: Suffix, origin: Swedish, function: nominalizing suffix, forming a noun from a verb.
• siffr-: Root, origin: Arabic *ṣifr, function: number, digit.
• orna: Suffix, origin: Swedish, function: definite plural article.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the second syllable: "sälj". Swedish stress is generally predictable, falling on the first syllable of the root word.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/fœrˈɧæːlɪŋsˈsɪfːrɔnːa/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• för-: /fœr/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No consonant clusters break the syllable.
• sälj-: /ɧæːl/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster "lj" is treated as a single onset. Stress falls here.
• nings-: /ɪŋs/ - Closed syllable. Rule: "ng" is a single consonant sound, forming the coda.
• sif-: /sɪfː/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Long consonant "ff" is treated as a single coda.
• frorna: /rɔnːa/ - Closed syllable. Rule: "rn" is a permissible consonant cluster in the coda.

7. Edge Case Review:

The "s" between "siffr" and "orna" is a potential point of analysis. It's part of the root "siffr" and the definite article suffix "orna". The syllabification reflects this morphological boundary.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word is primarily a noun. Syllabification doesn't significantly shift based on grammatical role, as Swedish doesn't have extensive vowel reduction or stress shifts based on grammatical function.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• försäljningssiffrorna: (noun) "the sales figures"
  • Translation: The sales figures
  • Synonyms: försäljningsdata (sales data), försäljningsstatistik (sales statistics)
  • Antonyms: (None directly applicable)
  • Examples:
    • "Enligt försäljningssiffrorna ökade intäkterna." (According to the sales figures, revenue increased.)
    • "Vi analyserar försäljningssiffrorna noggrant." (We are analyzing the sales figures carefully.)

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Regional variations in vowel pronunciation exist, particularly in Northern Sweden. The /œ/ in "för" might be pronounced closer to /ø/ in some dialects. This doesn't affect the syllabification.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• försäljaren (the salesperson): /fœrˈɧæːljarɛn/ - Syllables: för-sälj-aren. Similar structure, stress on "sälj".
• försäljning (sale): /fœrˈɧæːlɪnɪŋ/ - Syllables: för-sälj-ning. Similar structure, stress on "sälj".
• siffror (figures): /ˈsɪfːrɔr/ - Syllables: sif-fror. Demonstrates the "siffr" root and the plural suffix.

The consistency in stress placement on the root syllable ("sälj" or "siffr") highlights the predictable stress pattern in Swedish. The handling of consonant clusters (like "lj" and "ng") is also consistent across these words.