Hyphenation oftillståndsprövningarna

Swedish Word Analysis: tillståndsprövningarna

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "tillståndsprövningarna" is a complex noun in Swedish, meaning "the trials/assessments of permits/permissions." It's a compound word built from several morphemes. Pronunciation involves a mix of voiced and voiceless consonants, and vowel qualities typical of Standard Swedish.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Swedish syllable division rules, which generally favor maximizing onsets (consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable), the word is divided as follows (using only the original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: till- (Old Norse origin, function: prepositional, indicating 'to' or 'towards' a state)
• Root: stånd (Old Norse staðr meaning 'place, state, condition'; function: noun base)
• Suffixes:
  • -s- (connecting vowel, common in Swedish compounds)
  • -prövning- (from pröva 'to test, try' + -ning nominalizing suffix; function: creates a noun meaning 'testing, trial')
  • -arna (definite plural suffix; function: indicates plural and definiteness)

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the second syllable: stånd. Swedish generally stresses the first syllable of a word, but compound words often shift the stress to the first element of the final constituent.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/tɪlːˈstɑːn(d)sprœːvˈnɪŋˌaːrna/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• til-: /tɪl/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-Vowel (CV) structure. No exceptions.
• l-: /l/ - Syllabic consonant. Rule: A single consonant following a vowel can form a syllable, especially /l/, /m/, /n/. Exception: This is a marginal syllable, often elided in rapid speech.
• stånd-: /stɑːn(d)/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant Cluster-Vowel-Consonant (CVC). The (d) is a weak consonant and can be dropped in certain dialects.
• sprö-: /sprœː/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant Cluster-Vowel (CV). The 'spr' cluster is permissible as an onset.
• v-: /v/ - Syllabic consonant. Rule: A single consonant following a vowel can form a syllable. Exception: Similar to the 'l' syllable, it can be elided.
• ning-: /nɪŋ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant-Vowel-Consonant (CVC). The 'ng' cluster is a common coda in Swedish.
• ar-: /aːr/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel-Consonant (VC).
• na-: /na/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant-Vowel (CV).

7. Edge Case Review:

The syllabic consonants /l/ and /v/ are potential edge cases, as they can be reduced or elided in fast speech. The optional (d) in stånd also represents a dialectal variation.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word is primarily a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function (e.g., if used in a possessive construction).

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: tillståndsprövningarna
• Part of Speech: Noun (plural, definite)
• Definitions:
  • "The trials/assessments of permits/permissions."
  • "The permit application reviews."
• Translation: "The permit trials/assessments"
• Synonyms: godkännandeprocesserna (the approval processes)
• Antonyms: avslagen (the rejections)
• Examples:
  • "Tillståndsprövningarna kan ta lång tid." (The permit trials can take a long time.)
  • "Resultaten av tillståndsprövningarna är positiva." (The results of the permit trials are positive.)

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

In some dialects, the /d/ in stånd might be fully pronounced, or the syllabic consonants /l/ and /v/ might be more prominent. The vowel qualities can also vary slightly depending on the region.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• försäkringskassan: /fœrˈsɛːkriŋˌkasːan/ - Syllables: för-säk-ring-kas-san. Similar structure with compound words and definite plural suffix.
• järnvägsstationen: /jæːrnvɛːgsˌstaːˈɧoːnən/ - Syllables: järn-vägs-sta-tio-nen. Similar complex compound structure with consonant clusters.
• kommunikationerna: /kɔmˌuːniˈkaːt͡siɔnˌerna/ - Syllables: kom-mu-ni-ka-tio-ner-na. Demonstrates the typical Swedish pattern of stress on the second syllable of a multi-syllabic word.

The differences in syllable division are primarily due to the specific consonant and vowel sequences within each word, but the underlying principles of maximizing onsets and respecting vowel-consonant boundaries remain consistent.