Hyphenation ofalkylbenzenesulfonate
Syllable Division:
al-kyl-ben-ziin-sul-fo-neit
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˈæl.kɪl.ben.ziːn.sʌl.foʊ.neɪt/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
1001010
Primary stress falls on the antepenultimate syllable ('ben').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Closed syllable, vowel surrounded by consonants.
Open syllable, onset maximization.
Closed syllable, vowel surrounded by consonants.
Closed syllable, vowel surrounded by consonants.
Open syllable, vowel followed by a consonant.
Closed syllable, vowel surrounded by consonants.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: alkyl
Derived from 'alkyl', indicating an aliphatic hydrocarbon group. Origin: Chemistry nomenclature.
Root: benzene
Derived from benzene (C6H6). Origin: Arabic 'banj' (resin).
Suffix: sulfonate
Combining form 'sulfo-' (from sulfur) + suffix '-nate' (from '-ate'). Origin: Latin.
A salt or ester of alkylbenzenesulfonic acid, widely used as a surfactant (detergent).
Examples:
"Sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate is a common ingredient in laundry detergents."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar structure with multiple syllables and consonant clusters.
Shares the 'benzene' root and similar suffix structure.
Shares the 'benzene' root and similar syllable division principles.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Maximize Onsets
Prioritizing consonant clusters at the beginning of syllables.
Avoid Stranded Consonants
Preventing consonants from being left alone in a syllable.
Vowel-Consonant Pattern
Dividing syllables based on vowel-consonant sequences.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Potential for analyzing 'ben' and 'ziːn' as a single syllable, but the /z/ sound creates a natural division point.
Regional variations in vowel quality may exist but do not significantly impact syllable division.
Summary:
The word 'alkylbenzenesulfonate' is divided into seven syllables: al-kyl-ben-ziin-sul-fo-neit. Primary stress falls on 'ben'. The word is morphologically complex, consisting of a prefix, root, and suffix. Syllable division follows standard English (GB) rules prioritizing onsets and avoiding stranded consonants.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "alkylbenzenesulfonate" (English (GB))
1. Pronunciation Considerations:
The word "alkylbenzenesulfonate" presents challenges due to its length and the presence of multiple consonant clusters. British English pronunciation generally favors a more conservative articulation of these clusters compared to some American English dialects.
2. Syllable Division:
Following English (GB) syllable division rules, which prioritize maximizing onsets (consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable) and avoiding stranded consonants, the division will be as follows.
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- alkyl-: Prefix, derived from 'alkyl' (referring to an aliphatic hydrocarbon group). Origin: Chemistry nomenclature. Morphological function: Indicates the presence of an alkyl group.
- benzene-: Root, derived from benzene (C6H6). Origin: German chemist Friedrich August Kekulé, ultimately from Arabic 'banj' (resin). Morphological function: Core structural component.
- sulfo-: Combining form, derived from 'sulfur'. Origin: Latin 'sulfur'. Morphological function: Indicates the presence of a sulfonate group.
- -nate: Suffix, derived from '-ate'. Origin: Latin '-atus'. Morphological function: Forms a noun indicating a salt or ester.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the antepenultimate syllable (the third syllable from the end).
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˈæl.kɪl.ben.ziːn.sʌl.foʊ.neɪt/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
- al-: /æl/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by a consonant. Exception: Initial syllable.
- kyl: /kɪl/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel surrounded by consonants.
- ben: /ben/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonants, but onset maximization.
- ziin: /ziːn/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel surrounded by consonants.
- sul: /sʌl/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel surrounded by consonants.
- fo: /foʊ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by a consonant.
- neit: /neɪt/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel surrounded by consonants.
7. Edge Case Review:
The "ben" syllable could potentially be analyzed as part of a larger syllable "ben-ziːn" due to the relatively weak boundary. However, the presence of the /z/ sound creates a natural division point. The cluster /nz/ is common in English and doesn't necessitate combining the syllables.
8. Grammatical Role:
"Alkylbenzenesulfonate" primarily functions as a noun, referring to a specific chemical compound. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: A salt or ester of alkylbenzenesulfonic acid, widely used as a surfactant (detergent).
- Grammatical Category: Noun
- Synonyms: Detergent, surface-active agent
- Antonyms: None directly applicable.
- Examples: "Sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate is a common ingredient in laundry detergents."
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Some regional variations might slightly alter the vowel quality (e.g., /æ/ vs. /ɑː/ in "al-"). However, these variations do not significantly impact the syllable division.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- photovoltaic: pho-to-vol-ta-ic. Similar structure with multiple syllables and consonant clusters. Stress pattern differs.
- chlorobenzenes: chlo-ro-ben-zenes. Similar root ("benzene") and suffix structure. Syllable division is comparable.
- methylbenzene: me-thyl-ben-zene. Shorter, but shares the "benzene" root and similar syllable division principles.
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