Hyphenation ofcounter-revolution

Linguistic Analysis of "counter-revolution" (English (GB))

1. Pronunciation:

The word "counter-revolution" is pronounced in British English as /ˌkaʊntə(r)ˌrevəˈluːʃən/. The 'r' after the vowel in 'counter' is often non-rhotic, meaning it's not pronounced unless followed by a vowel.

2. Syllable Division:

The syllable division, adhering to the rule of using only original letters, is: coun-ter-re-vo-lu-tion

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: counter- (French origin, ultimately from Latin contra meaning "against"). Morphological function: negation or opposition.
• Root: revolutio (Latin origin, meaning "a turning around" or "overthrow"). Morphological function: core meaning of the word.
• Suffix: -ion (Latin origin, forming a noun from a verb). Morphological function: nominalization.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: /ˌkaʊntə(r)ˌrevəˈluːʃən/. Specifically, on the 'lu' in 'lu-tion'.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ˌkaʊntə(r)ˌrevəˈluːʃən/

6. Edge Case Review:

The 'r' sound in 'counter' is a potential edge case. In non-rhotic accents (like standard British English), it's often elided, but can be pronounced if the following syllable begins with a vowel.

7. Grammatical Role:

"Counter-revolution" primarily functions as a noun. While it can be used attributively (e.g., "counter-revolutionary forces"), the core syllabification and stress remain consistent.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: A revolution that attempts to overthrow a previous revolution, or a movement to restore a previous political system.
• Grammatical Category: Noun
• Synonyms: reversal, overthrow, restoration
• Antonyms: revolution, uprising
• Examples:
  • "The counter-revolution aimed to reinstate the monarchy."
  • "Historians debate the success of the counter-revolution in France."

9. Phonological Comparison:

• revolution: re-vo-lu-tion - Similar syllable structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
• constitution: con-sti-tu-tion - Similar syllable structure, stress on the antepenultimate syllable.
• contribution: con-tri-bu-tion - Similar syllable structure, stress on the antepenultimate syllable.

The key difference lies in the initial 'counter-' prefix, which adds an extra syllable and shifts the stress pattern slightly. The 'tion' suffix is consistent across all words, creating a similar final syllable structure.

Detailed Syllable Analysis:

• coun: /kaʊn/ - Open syllable, unstressed. Rule applied: Onset-rime division. Potential exception: vowel sound variation.
• ter: /tə(r)/ - Closed syllable, unstressed. Rule applied: Onset-rime division. Potential exception: 'r' elision in non-rhotic accents.
• re: /re/ - Open syllable, unstressed. Rule applied: Onset-rime division.
• vo: /və/ - Open syllable, unstressed. Rule applied: Onset-rime division.
• lu: /luː/ - Open syllable, stressed. Rule applied: Onset-rime division.
• tion: /ʃən/ - Closed syllable, unstressed. Rule applied: Onset-rime division.

Exceptions/Special Cases:

The primary exception is the potential elision of the 'r' in 'counter', depending on the speaker's accent. The compound nature of the word (prefix + root + suffix) also requires careful consideration of stress placement.

Division Rules Applied:

• Onset-Rime Division: This is the primary rule used, dividing syllables based on the vowel nucleus and any preceding consonants (onset) and following consonants (rime).
• Stress Placement: Stress is determined by morphological structure and phonological weight.