Hyphenation ofsuperstrenuousness
Syllable Division:
su-per-stren-u-ous-ness
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˌsuːpə(r)ˈstrenjuːəsnəs/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
010010
Primary stress falls on the fourth syllable ('stren'). Secondary stress on the first syllable ('su').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, tonic
Open syllable, atonic
Closed syllable, stressed
Open syllable, atonic
Closed syllable, atonic
Closed syllable, atonic
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: super-
Latin origin, intensifier
Root: strenu-
Latin origin (*strenuus*), meaning vigorous
Suffix: -ous
Latin origin, adjective formation
The quality or state of being extremely strenuous; excessive or extreme effort.
Examples:
"The superstrenuousness of the training regime left the athletes exhausted."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar structure with prefix, root, and -ness suffix.
Similar structure with root and -ness suffix.
Similar structure with root and -ness suffix.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Onset-Rhyme
Syllables are divided based on the onset (initial consonant(s)) and rhyme (vowel and following consonants).
Vowel-Consonant
When a vowel is followed by a consonant, the syllable is typically divided before the consonant.
Consonant Cluster-Vowel
When a consonant cluster is followed by a vowel, the syllable is divided between the cluster and the vowel.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Optional 'r' sound in GB English.
Vowel lengthening in stressed and pre-stressed syllables.
Summary:
The word 'superstrenuousness' is a six-syllable noun with primary stress on the fourth syllable. It's formed from a Latin root with English and Latin affixes, exhibiting typical English syllable division rules with considerations for non-rhoticity and vowel lengthening.
Detailed Analysis:
Analysis of "superstrenuousness" (English (GB))
1. Pronunciation: The word is pronounced /ˌsuːpə(r)ˈstrenjuːəsnəs/ in General British English.
2. Syllable Division: su-per-stren-u-ous-ness
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: super- (Latin, meaning "above," "over," or "beyond"). Function: Intensifier.
- Root: strenu- (Latin strenuus, meaning "vigorous," "active," "full of energy").
- Suffix: -ous (Latin, forming adjectives meaning "full of"). Function: Adjective formation.
- Suffix: -ness (English, forming nouns from adjectives). Function: Noun formation.
4. Stress Identification: The primary stress falls on the fourth syllable: stren-u-ous-ness. Secondary stress is present on the first syllable: su-per-stren-u-ous-ness.
5. Phonetic Transcription: /ˌsuːpə(r)ˈstrenjuːəsnəs/
6. Edge Case Review: The 'r' after a vowel is often non-rhotic in GB English, hence the optional (r) in the transcription. The vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is also a common feature.
7. Grammatical Role: The word functions solely as a noun. There are no syllabification or stress shifts for other parts of speech.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: The quality or state of being extremely strenuous; excessive or extreme effort.
- Grammatical Category: Noun
- Synonyms: arduousness, severity, intensity, difficulty
- Antonyms: ease, simplicity, relaxation
- Examples: "The superstrenuousness of the training regime left the athletes exhausted."
9. Phonological Comparison:
- advantageousness: ad-van-ta-geous-ness. Similar structure with a prefix, root, and -ness suffix. Stress falls on the 'geous' syllable.
- dangerousness: dan-ger-ous-ness. Similar structure, stress on 'ger'.
- courageousness: cou-ra-geous-ness. Similar structure, stress on 'geous'.
The syllable division in "superstrenuousness" differs due to the longer root and the inclusion of the 'super-' prefix, leading to a greater number of syllables. The stress pattern is also influenced by the length and complexity of the word.
10. Syllable Analysis:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Description | Rule Applied | Exceptions/Special Cases |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| su | /suː/ | Open syllable, tonic | Onset-Rhyme division | Vowel lengthening due to stress |
| per | /pə(r)/ | Open syllable, atonic | Vowel-Consonant division | Non-rhotic 'r' |
| stren | /stren/ | Closed syllable, stressed | Consonant Cluster-Vowel division | |
| u | /uː/ | Open syllable, atonic | Vowel-Consonant division | Vowel lengthening due to preceding stress |
| ous | /əʊs/ | Closed syllable, atonic | Vowel-Consonant division | Diphthong |
| ness | /nəs/ | Closed syllable, atonic | Consonant-Vowel division |
11. Division Rules:
- Onset-Rhyme: Syllables are divided based on the onset (initial consonant(s)) and rhyme (vowel and following consonants).
- Vowel-Consonant: When a vowel is followed by a consonant, the syllable is typically divided before the consonant.
- Consonant Cluster-Vowel: When a consonant cluster is followed by a vowel, the syllable is divided between the cluster and the vowel.
12. Special Considerations: The optional 'r' sound in GB English is a key consideration. The vowel lengthening in stressed and pre-stressed syllables also influences pronunciation.
13. Short Analysis: "superstrenuousness" is a noun formed from a Latin root with English suffixes. It is divided into six syllables: su-per-stren-u-ous-ness, with primary stress on the fourth syllable. The word's structure and pronunciation are typical of complex English words with multiple morphemes.
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In compound terms like 'check-in', the hyphen clarifies relationships between words. It also assists in breaking words at line ends, preserving flow and understanding, such as in 'tele-communication'. Hyphenation rules vary; some words lose their hyphens with common usage (e.g., 'email' from 'e-mail'). It's an evolving aspect of language, with guidelines differing across style manuals. Understanding hyphenation improves writing quality, making it an indispensable tool in effective communication.