Hyphenation ofgood-lookingness
Syllable Division:
good-look-ing-ness
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˈɡʊd ˈlʊkɪŋnəs/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
1010
Primary stress on the first syllable ('good') and the third syllable ('ing').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, primary stress.
Closed syllable, unstressed.
Closed syllable, secondary stress.
Closed syllable, unstressed.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: good
Old English origin, functions as an adjective modifying 'looking'.
Root: look
Old English origin, meaning 'to see or appear'.
Suffix: -ing
Old English origin, creating a participial adjective.
The quality of being attractive or pleasing in appearance.
Examples:
"Her good-lookingness was undeniable."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the '-ness' suffix and similar stress pattern.
Shares the '-ness' suffix and similar stress pattern.
Shares the '-ness' suffix and similar stress pattern.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel-Consonant-Consonant (VCC) Rule
Syllables are divided before consonant clusters, as seen in 'look-ing'.
Compound Word Rule
Compound words are divided between constituent words, as seen in 'good-look'.
Suffix Rule
Suffixes are generally separated into their own syllables, as seen in '-ing' and '-ness'.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The compound adjective 'good-looking' could theoretically be divided differently, but 'good-look' is the more common and natural division.
Summary:
The word 'good-lookingness' is a noun formed by combining the compound adjective 'good-looking' with the suffix '-ness'. It is syllabified as good-look-ing-ness, with primary stress on 'good' and secondary stress on 'ing'. The syllabification follows standard English rules for vowel nuclei, consonant clusters, and suffix separation.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "good-lookingness" (US English)
1. Pronunciation Examination:
The word "good-lookingness" is a complex word formed through compounding and suffixation. Its pronunciation involves several vowel and consonant clusters, requiring careful syllabification. The typical pronunciation in US English is /ˈɡʊd ˈlʊkɪŋnəs/.
2. Syllable Division:
Following US English syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows: good-look-ing-ness.
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- good: Prefix (originally adjective, now functioning as part of a compound adjective). Origin: Old English gōd. Morphological function: modifies "looking".
- look: Root. Origin: Old English locian (to look). Morphological function: base meaning of appearance.
- -ing: Suffix. Origin: Old English -ing. Morphological function: progressive aspect marker, but here functions to create a participial adjective.
- -ness: Suffix. Origin: Old English -nes. Morphological function: nominalization, creating a noun from an adjective.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the first syllable of "good" and the first syllable of "looking". This results in a stress pattern of 1 0 1 0.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˈɡʊd ˈlʊkɪŋnəs/
6. Edge Case Review:
The "-ing" suffix can sometimes be considered a weak syllable, but in this case, it receives secondary stress due to the length of the word and the need for rhythmic spacing. The "look" syllable is a closed syllable, ending in a consonant.
7. Grammatical Role:
"Good-lookingness" functions solely as a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical role (as it only has one).
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: The quality of being attractive or pleasing in appearance.
- Grammatical Category: Noun
- Synonyms: attractiveness, beauty, comeliness, appeal
- Antonyms: ugliness, unattractiveness, repulsiveness
- Examples: "Her good-lookingness always turned heads." "The good-lookingness of the architecture was remarkable."
9. Phonological Comparison:
- happiness: hap-pi-ness. Similar structure with a suffix "-ness". Stress on the first syllable.
- kindness: kind-ness. Similar structure with a suffix "-ness". Stress on the first syllable.
- brightness: bright-ness. Similar structure with a suffix "-ness". Stress on the first syllable.
The consistent stress pattern on the first syllable in these words demonstrates a common rule in English noun formation with the "-ness" suffix. "Good-lookingness" follows this pattern, but the compound adjective "good-looking" adds complexity.
10. Division Rules:
- Vowel-Consonant-Consonant (VCC) Rule: Syllables are often divided before consonant clusters. Applied in "look-ing".
- Compound Word Rule: Compound words are divided between the constituent words. Applied in "good-look".
- Suffix Rule: Suffixes are generally separated into their own syllables. Applied in "-ing" and "-ness".
- Onset-Rime Rule: Syllables are formed around a vowel nucleus, with preceding consonants forming the onset and following consonants forming the rime.
11. Special Considerations:
The compound adjective "good-looking" presents a slight challenge. While it could theoretically be divided as "good-look-ing", the common pronunciation and semantic unity favor "good-look".
12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Some regional variations might slightly alter the vowel sounds (e.g., /ɡʊd/ vs. /ɡud/), but the syllabification remains consistent.
13. Short Analysis:
"Good-lookingness" is a noun formed from the compound adjective "good-looking" and the suffix "-ness". It is syllabified as good-look-ing-ness, with primary stress on the first syllable of "good" and "looking". The word follows standard English syllabification rules based on vowel nuclei, consonant clusters, and suffix separation.
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