Hyphenation ofhyperintelligence
Syllable Division:
hy-per-in-tel-li-gence
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˌhaɪpərɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
001010
Primary stress falls on the third syllable ('li'). The first, second, fourth, fifth and sixth syllables are unstressed.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, onset of /h/, rime of /aɪ/
Closed syllable, onset of /p/, rime of /ər/
Closed syllable, onset of /ɪ/, rime of /n/
Open syllable, onset of /t/, rime of /ɛl/
Open syllable, onset of /l/, rime of /i/
Closed syllable, onset of /dʒ/, rime of /əns/
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: hyper-
Greek origin, meaning 'over,' 'above,' or 'excessive'. Degree modifier.
Root: intel-
Latin origin, from *intellegere* meaning 'to understand'. Core meaning related to intellect.
Suffix: -gence
Latin origin, from *-gentia* meaning 'state or quality of'. Noun-forming suffix.
Intelligence that is vastly greater than that of an average human.
Examples:
"The novel explores the potential dangers of artificial hyperintelligence."
"Her hyperintelligence allowed her to solve complex problems with ease."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the core 'intelligence' morpheme and similar syllable structure.
Shares the 'intelligence' morpheme and a similar prefix structure.
Shares the 'hyper-' prefix, demonstrating consistent syllabification of that element.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel Rule
Each syllable generally contains one vowel sound.
Onset-Rime Rule
Syllables are divided into an onset (initial consonant sound(s)) and a rime (vowel and any following consonants).
Consonant Cluster Rule
Consonant clusters are generally split so that complex onsets are avoided.
Stress-Timing Rule
English is a stress-timed language, influencing syllable prominence.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The 'hy-' initial syllable is a relatively uncommon onset but is accepted due to the Greek origin of the prefix.
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a typical feature of English pronunciation.
Summary:
The word 'hyperintelligence' is divided into six syllables: hy-per-in-tel-li-gence. It consists of the Greek prefix 'hyper-', the Latin root 'intel-', and the Latin suffix '-gence'. Primary stress falls on the third syllable ('li'). The syllabification follows standard English vowel and onset-rime rules.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "hyperintelligence"
1. Pronunciation Examination:
The word "hyperintelligence" is pronounced /ˌhaɪpərɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/ (General American English). It consists of five syllables, with primary stress on the third syllable.
2. Syllable Division:
The syllable division, adhering to the rule of using only original letters, is: hy-per-in-tel-li-gence
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: hyper- (Greek origin, meaning "over," "above," or "excessive"). Morphological function: degree modifier.
- Root: intel- (Latin origin, from intellegere meaning "to understand"). Morphological function: core meaning related to intellect.
- Suffix: -gence (Latin origin, from -gentia meaning "state or quality of"). Morphological function: noun-forming suffix, indicating a state or quality.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: in-tel-li-gence. This follows the general English rule of stressing the penultimate syllable when the final syllable contains a schwa sound and is not a heavy syllable.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˌhaɪpərɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/
6. Edge Case Review:
The sequence "-er-" can sometimes create a syllable on its own, but in this case, it's clearly part of the "per" syllable due to the vowel sound. The "intelligence" portion is a common word, and its syllabification is well-established.
7. Grammatical Role:
"Hyperintelligence" primarily functions as a noun. While it could theoretically be used adjectivally (e.g., "hyperintelligence capabilities"), the syllabification and stress remain consistent.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Intelligence that is vastly greater than that of an average human.
- Grammatical Category: Noun
- Synonyms: Superintelligence, genius, brilliance
- Antonyms: Stupidity, idiocy, dullness
- Examples:
- "The novel explores the potential dangers of artificial hyperintelligence."
- "Her hyperintelligence allowed her to solve complex problems with ease."
9. Phonological Comparison:
- Intelligence: in-tel-li-gence (/ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/) - Similar syllable structure, stress on the third syllable.
- Superintelligence: su-per-in-tel-li-gence (/ˌsuːpərɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəns/) - Added prefix, but maintains the core "intelligence" syllabification and stress pattern.
- Hyperactivity: hy-per-ac-ti-vi-ty (/ˌhaɪpərækˈtɪvɪti/) - Shares the "hyper-" prefix, demonstrating consistent syllabification of that element. The difference in stress is due to the different vowel qualities and syllable weights in the following segments.
10. Division Rules:
- Vowel Rule: Each syllable generally contains one vowel sound.
- Onset-Rime Rule: Syllables are divided into an onset (initial consonant sound(s)) and a rime (vowel and any following consonants).
- Consonant Cluster Rule: Consonant clusters are generally split so that complex onsets are avoided.
- Stress-Timing Rule: English is a stress-timed language, influencing syllable prominence.
11. Special Considerations:
The "hy-" initial syllable is a relatively uncommon onset, but it's accepted due to the Greek origin of the prefix. The vowel reduction in unstressed syllables (e.g., the first and fourth syllables) is a typical feature of English pronunciation.
12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the provided IPA transcription represents General American English, some regional variations might exist in vowel quality or stress placement, but these would not significantly alter the syllable division.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.