Hyphenation ofphenanthraquinone
Syllable Division:
phen-an-thro-quin-one
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˌfiːnænθroʊˈkwiːnoʊn/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00101
Primary stress falls on the third syllable ('thro'). The first and fourth syllables are unstressed, while the fifth syllable receives secondary stress.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial consonant cluster.
Open syllable.
Closed syllable.
Closed syllable, diphthong.
Closed syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: phen-
From Greek *phainein* meaning 'to show, appear'; indicates a benzene ring structure.
Root: anthra-
From Greek *anthrax* meaning 'coal'; refers to the anthracene base structure.
Suffix: -quinone
From French *quinone*, ultimately from Latin *quinque* meaning 'five'; denotes the presence of a quinone functional group.
An organic compound with the chemical formula C₁₄H₈O₂.
Examples:
"The synthesis of phenanthraquinone requires careful control of reaction conditions."
"Phenanthraquinone derivatives are used in various industrial applications."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar chemical structure and root morpheme.
Contains the '-quinone' suffix and similar syllable structure.
Contains the '-quinone' suffix and similar syllable structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel-Consonant Rule
Syllables are often divided after a vowel sound followed by a consonant sound.
Consonant-Vowel-Consonant Rule
When a syllable contains a vowel between two consonants, it is usually divided between the consonants.
Diphthong Rule
Diphthongs are treated as a single vowel sound for syllabification.
Consonant Cluster Rule
Initial and final consonant clusters are generally kept together within a syllable.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The length of the word and the presence of multiple vowel sounds and consonant clusters require careful application of the syllabification rules.
The 'qu' digraph is treated as a single consonant sound, which is a common exception.
Summary:
Phenanthraquinone is divided into five syllables: phen-an-thro-quin-one. The primary stress falls on the third syllable ('thro'). The word is morphologically complex, consisting of a Greek-derived prefix, root, and suffix. Syllabification follows standard US English rules, with consideration for consonant clusters and diphthongs.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "phenanthraquinone"
1. Pronunciation Examination:
The word "phenanthraquinone" is a complex organic chemical compound name. Its pronunciation in US English is approximately /ˌfiːnænθroʊˈkwiːnoʊn/. It presents challenges due to its length, multiple vowel sounds, and consonant clusters.
2. Syllable Division:
Following US English syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: phen- (from Greek phainein meaning "to show, appear") - indicates a benzene ring structure.
- Root: anthra- (from Greek anthrax meaning "coal") - refers to the anthracene base structure.
- Suffix: -quinone (from French quinone, ultimately from Latin quinque meaning "five") - denotes the presence of a quinone functional group.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: /ˌfiːnænθroʊˈkwiːnoʊn/.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˌfiːnænθroʊˈkwiːnoʊn/
6. Edge Case Review:
The sequence "-anthro-" can sometimes be a point of variation, but the standard pronunciation and syllabification place the stress after this sequence. The "qu" digraph is treated as a single consonant sound in this context.
7. Grammatical Role:
"Phenanthraquinone" primarily functions as a noun, denoting a specific chemical compound. As a noun, the stress pattern remains consistent. It does not typically function as other parts of speech.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Phenanthraquinone is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₁₄H₈O₂. It is a yellow crystalline solid used in the manufacture of dyes and as an intermediate in organic synthesis.
- Grammatical Category: Noun
- Synonyms: None commonly used.
- Antonyms: N/A (as it's a specific chemical compound)
- Examples:
- "The synthesis of phenanthraquinone requires careful control of reaction conditions."
- "Phenanthraquinone derivatives are used in various industrial applications."
9. Phonological Comparison:
- Anthraquinone: phen-anthra-quinone (similar structure, stress on the last syllable of the root)
- Benzoquinone: ben-zo-qui-none (simpler structure, stress on the last syllable)
- Naphthoquinone: naph-tho-qui-none (similar to benzoquinone, stress on the last syllable)
The syllable division in "phenanthraquinone" is more complex due to the added "phen-" prefix. The other words demonstrate a consistent pattern of stress falling on the "-quinone" syllable, while "phenanthraquinone" shifts the primary stress slightly earlier due to the length and complexity of the preceding syllables.
10. Syllable Analysis Breakdown:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Description | Rule Applied | Exceptions/Special Cases |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| phen | /fɪn/ | Open syllable, initial consonant cluster | Consonant cluster rule (initial) | None |
| an | /æn/ | Open syllable | Vowel-consonant rule | None |
| thro | /θroʊ/ | Closed syllable | Consonant-vowel-consonant rule | "th" digraph treated as a single phoneme |
| quin | /kwiːn/ | Closed syllable, diphthong | Diphthong rule, consonant-vowel-consonant rule | "qu" digraph treated as a single consonant sound |
| one | /oʊn/ | Closed syllable | Vowel-consonant-consonant rule | None |
11. Division Rules Applied:
- Vowel-Consonant Rule: Syllables are often divided after a vowel sound followed by a consonant sound.
- Consonant-Vowel-Consonant Rule: When a syllable contains a vowel between two consonants, it is usually divided between the consonants.
- Diphthong Rule: Diphthongs (two vowel sounds within one syllable) are treated as a single vowel sound for syllabification.
- Consonant Cluster Rule: Initial and final consonant clusters are generally kept together within a syllable.
12. Special Considerations:
The length of the word and the presence of multiple vowel sounds and consonant clusters require careful application of the syllabification rules. The "qu" digraph is treated as a single consonant sound, which is a common exception.
13. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Minor variations in vowel quality might occur depending on regional accents, but the overall syllable division remains consistent.
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What is hyphenation
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In compound terms like 'check-in', the hyphen clarifies relationships between words. It also assists in breaking words at line ends, preserving flow and understanding, such as in 'tele-communication'. Hyphenation rules vary; some words lose their hyphens with common usage (e.g., 'email' from 'e-mail'). It's an evolving aspect of language, with guidelines differing across style manuals. Understanding hyphenation improves writing quality, making it an indispensable tool in effective communication.