Hyphenation ofself-restraining
Syllable Division:
self-re-strain-ing
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/sɛlf ˈrɛstreɪnɪŋ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0010
Primary stress falls on the third syllable ('strain'). The first two syllables ('self' and 're') are unstressed, and the final syllable ('ing') is also unstressed.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open, unstressed syllable.
Open, unstressed syllable.
Closed, stressed syllable.
Closed, unstressed syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: self
Old English, reflexive pronoun functioning as a prefix.
Root: restrain
Old French *restreindre* from Latin *restringere*, meaning 'to keep under control'.
Suffix: ing
Old English *-ing(u)*, progressive/gerundive suffix.
Exercising control over one's own emotions, desires, or actions.
Examples:
"He was a remarkably self-restraining individual."
"Her self-restraining behavior was admirable."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the '-ing' suffix and similar stress pattern.
Shares the '-ing' suffix and similar stress pattern.
Shares the 're-' prefix and '-ing' suffix, similar stress pattern.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel-Consonant Division
Syllables are often divided after vowels.
Open Syllable Rule
Syllables ending in a vowel sound are open.
Closed Syllable Rule
Syllables ending in a consonant sound are closed.
Stress Assignment
Primary stress falls on the second syllable, following typical English stress patterns.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The 'lf' cluster in 'self' is a potential point of ambiguity, but the syllable division is maintained based on established pronunciation patterns.
The compound root 'restrain' requires consideration of its internal structure.
Summary:
The word 'self-restraining' is divided into four syllables: self-re-strain-ing. It consists of the prefix 'self-', the root 'restrain', and the suffix '-ing'. The primary stress falls on the 'strain' syllable. Syllable division follows vowel-consonant rules, with considerations for the 'lf' cluster and the compound root.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "self-restraining"
1. Pronunciation Examination:
The word "self-restraining" is pronounced as /sɛlf ˈrɛstreɪnɪŋ/ in US English. It exhibits a complex syllable structure due to the prefix, compound root, and suffix.
2. Syllable Division:
Following US English syllabification rules, the word is divided as follows: self-re-strain-ing.
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: self- (Old English) - reflexive pronoun functioning as a prefix indicating the action is performed by the subject.
- Root: restrain (Old French restreindre from Latin restringere) - to keep under control; to hold back. Composed of re- (Latin, meaning 'again, back') and stringere (Latin, meaning 'to draw tight').
- Suffix: -ing (Old English -ing(u)) - progressive/gerundive suffix, indicating an ongoing action or a noun formed from a verb.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the second syllable: re-strain-ing.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/sɛlf ˈrɛstreɪnɪŋ/
6. Edge Case Review:
The compound nature of the root "restrain" and the presence of the prefix "self-" require careful consideration. The vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is also a factor.
7. Grammatical Role:
"Self-restraining" primarily functions as an adjective. As an adjective, the stress pattern remains consistent. If "restrain" were used as a verb, the stress would remain on the second syllable.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Exercising control over one's own emotions, desires, or actions.
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Synonyms: self-controlled, disciplined, temperate, restrained
- Antonyms: impulsive, unrestrained, uncontrolled, reckless
- Examples: "He was a remarkably self-restraining individual." "Her self-restraining behavior was admirable."
9. Phonological Comparison:
- Understanding: un-der-stand-ing - Similar suffix -ing, stress on the second syllable. Difference: "self-restraining" has a prefix and a compound root, leading to a more complex syllable structure.
- Beginning: be-gin-ning - Similar suffix -ing, stress on the second syllable. Difference: "beginning" has a simpler root structure.
- Remaining: re-main-ing - Similar prefix re- and suffix -ing, stress on the second syllable. Difference: "remaining" has a simpler root structure.
10. Syllable Analysis Breakdown:
- self: /sɛlf/ - Open syllable, unstressed. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant(s) creates an open syllable. Exception: The 'lf' cluster is a common exception, but the syllable boundary is still maintained.
- re: /rɛ/ - Open syllable, unstressed. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant creates an open syllable.
- strain: /streɪn/ - Closed syllable, stressed. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant cluster creates a closed syllable. Stress assignment based on the Great Vowel Shift and common stress patterns in English.
- ing: /ɪŋ/ - Closed syllable, unstressed. Rule: Vowel followed by nasal consonant creates a closed syllable.
11. Division Rules Applied:
- Vowel-Consonant Division: Syllables are often divided after vowels.
- Open Syllable Rule: Syllables ending in a vowel sound are open.
- Closed Syllable Rule: Syllables ending in a consonant sound are closed.
- Stress Assignment: Primary stress falls on the second syllable, following typical English stress patterns for words with prefixes and compound roots.
12. Special Considerations:
The 'lf' cluster in "self" is a potential point of ambiguity, but the syllable division is maintained based on established pronunciation patterns. The compound root "restrain" requires consideration of its internal structure.
13. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Regional variations in vowel pronunciation (e.g., /ɛ/ vs. /æ/ in "restrain") might exist, but they do not significantly alter the syllable division.
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Proper hyphenation improves readability by reducing the unevenness of word spacing and unnecessary large gaps. It also helps avoid confusion that may occur when part of a word carries over. Ideal hyphenation should break words according to pronunciation and syllables. Most word processors and publishing apps have automated tools to handle hyphenation effectively based on language rules and dictionaries. Though subtle, proper hyphenation improves overall typography and reading comfort.