Hyphenation ofbibliographiques

Analysis of "bibliographiques"

1. Pronunciation:

The word "bibliographiques" is pronounced with a relatively even stress distribution, though the final syllable receives a slight emphasis. The 'ph' is pronounced /f/.

2. Syllable Division:

Following French syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel sounds and avoid breaking consonant clusters unless they are complex, the word divides as follows:

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: bibli- (from Latin bibliotheca - library). Morphological function: denotes relation to books or libraries.
• Root: This is where it gets tricky. While 'graph' is a root in many words, here it's part of a larger suffixal element.
• Suffix: -ographiques (from Greek grapho - to write, and the adjectival suffix -ique). Morphological function: forms an adjective meaning "relating to writing" or "descriptive".

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: graphi-

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/bi.bli.jo.ɡʁa.fik/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

• bi-: /bi/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel sounds. No consonant clusters to break.
• bli-: /bli/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel sounds. 'bl' is a permissible initial consonant cluster in French.
• jo-: /ʒo/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel sounds. The 'j' represents /ʒ/.
• gra-: /ɡʁa/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel sounds.
• fik: /fik/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllables end with a consonant when no vowel follows.

7. Exceptions/Special Cases:

The 'ph' digraph is pronounced as /f/, which is a standard exception in French orthography. The liaison possibilities with following words are not relevant to the internal syllabification.

8. Grammatical Role & Syllabification Shifts:

"Bibliographiques" is primarily an adjective. As an adjective, the syllabification remains consistent. It can also function as a noun (plural form of "bibliographique"), but the syllabification doesn't change.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Relating to bibliography or the descriptive listing of books and other publications.
• Translation: Bibliographical
• Grammatical Category: Adjective (can also be a noun)
• Synonyms: bibliothécaires, documentaires
• Antonyms: None directly applicable
• Examples:
  • "Les références bibliographiques sont importantes." (Bibliographical references are important.)
  • "Une étude bibliographique approfondie." (A thorough bibliographical study.)

10. Regional Variations:

Pronunciation of the final /k/ might vary slightly regionally, but this doesn't affect the syllabification.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• photographique: pho-to-gra-phi-que. Similar structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
• cartographique: car-to-gra-phi-que. Similar structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
• typographique: ty-po-gra-phi-que. Similar structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.

These words all share the -graphique suffix, leading to consistent syllabification patterns. The initial consonant clusters differ, but the vowel-based syllabification rule remains consistent.