Hyphenation ofexistentialisme

Analysis of "existentialisme" (French)

1. Pronunciation: The word "existentialisme" is pronounced with a relatively even stress distribution, though the final syllable receives a slight emphasis. The 's' sounds are pronounced, and the 'e' at the end is silent.

2. Syllable Division: ex-is-ten-ti-a-lis-me

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: ex- (Latin, meaning "out of," "from") - functions as a prefix indicating origin or departure from a state.
• Root: sist- (Latin, from sistere "to stand, set up") - related to the concept of being or existence.
• Suffix: -isme (French, from Greek -ismos) - denotes a doctrine, principle, or system of thought.

4. Stress Identification: The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: ti-a-lis-me. While French stress is generally on the final syllable, longer words often exhibit stress on the antepenultimate syllable, with a weakening towards the end.

5. Phonetic Transcription: /ɛɡ.zis.tɑ̃.sjɑ.lism/

6. Edge Case Review: French syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets (consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable). However, vowel hiatus (two vowels in adjacent syllables) is avoided by creating diphthongs or inserting a glide. In this word, the vowel sequences are handled without creating diphthongs.

7. Grammatical Role: "Existentialisme" functions primarily as a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical role.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: A philosophical theory or set of beliefs emphasizing individual existence, freedom, and choice.
• Translation: Existentialism
• Grammatical Category: Noun (masculine)
• Synonyms: Philosophie existentielle
• Antonyms: Essentialisme
• Examples: "L'existentialisme a influencé la littérature du XXe siècle." (Existentialism influenced 20th-century literature.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• universalisme: u-ni-ver-sa-lis-me - Similar syllable structure, with a final "-isme" suffix. Stress pattern is also similar, on the penultimate syllable.
• capitalisme: ca-pi-ta-lis-me - Again, the "-isme" suffix creates a parallel structure. Stress is on the antepenultimate syllable.
• matérialisme: ma-té-ria-lis-me - Similar structure, with a penultimate stress. The presence of the accented 'é' doesn't significantly alter the syllabification rules.

10. Syllable Analysis Breakdown:

• ex: /ɛɡ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Initial consonant followed by a vowel. No exceptions.
• is: /iz/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster followed by a vowel. No exceptions.
• ten: /tɑ̃/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant followed by a nasal vowel. No exceptions.
• ti: /sjɑ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster followed by a vowel. No exceptions.
• a: /ɑ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Single vowel. No exceptions.
• lis: /lism/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant followed by a vowel. No exceptions.
• me: /mə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant followed by a vowel. No exceptions.

11. Division Rules Applied:

• Rule 1: Vowel-Initial Syllables: Syllables begin with vowels.
• Rule 2: Consonant Clusters: Consonant clusters are generally maintained within a syllable unless they are unpronounceable.
• Rule 3: Maximizing Onsets: Syllables tend to begin with as many consonants as possible.

12. Special Considerations: The word is relatively straightforward in its syllabification. The presence of the nasal vowel /ɑ̃/ doesn't affect the syllable division rules.

13. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations: While the standard pronunciation is as described above, some regional variations might involve a slightly more pronounced stress on the final syllable, but this doesn't alter the syllable division.

14. Short Analysis: "Existentialisme" is a French noun of Latin and Greek origin, meaning existentialism. It is divided into seven syllables: ex-is-ten-ti-a-lis-me, with primary stress on the penultimate syllable. The syllabification follows standard French rules of maximizing onsets and beginning syllables with vowels.