Hyphenation ofparticularisation

Analysis of "particularisation"

1. Pronunciation: The word "particularisation" is pronounced /paʁ.ti.ky.la.ʁi.za.sjɔ̃/ in standard French.

2. Syllable Division: The syllable division, adhering to the rule of maximizing onsets and avoiding stranded consonants, is: par-ti-cu-la-ri-sa-tion.

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: parti- (Latin particulus - 'part'). Morphological function: contributes to the meaning of 'specific' or 'detailed'.
• Root: cul- (Latin culum - 'summit, peak, detail'). Morphological function: core meaning relating to detail.
• Suffix: -arisation (French suffix, derived from Latin -atio + -izare). Morphological function: forms a noun denoting an action or process.

4. Stress Identification: The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: /paʁ.ti.ky.la.ʁi.za.sjɔ̃/. This follows the general rule in French where stress falls on the last syllable unless it is a schwa (e).

5. Phonetic Transcription: /paʁ.ti.ky.la.ʁi.za.sjɔ̃/

6. Edge Case Review: French syllabification generally avoids consonant clusters at the beginning of syllables. However, the /ʁ/ sound can sometimes act as a syllable nucleus, especially in liaison.

7. Grammatical Role: "Particularisation" is a noun. The syllabification remains consistent regardless of grammatical function, as it is a derived noun.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: The act of making something particular or specific; the process of detailing.
• Translation: Particularization (English)
• Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine)
• Synonyms: Spécification, précision, individualisation
• Antonyms: Généralisation
• Examples: "La particularisation des données est essentielle pour une analyse précise." (The particularization of the data is essential for a precise analysis.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• Spécialisation: spe-cia-li-sa-tion. Similar structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
• Généralisation: ge-ne-ra-li-sa-tion. Similar structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
• Organisation: oʁ-ga-ni-sa-tion. Similar structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.

The consistent stress pattern and syllable structure across these words demonstrate the regularity of French phonology. The presence of consonant clusters is handled similarly, with syllables forming around vowel nuclei.

Detailed Syllable Analysis:

• par: /paʁ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant. Exception: /ʁ/ can sometimes form a syllable on its own.
• ti: /ti/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant.
• cu: /ky/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant.
• la: /la/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel.
• ri: /ʁi/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant.
• sa: /sa/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel.
• tion: /sjɔ̃/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant. Nasal vowel.

Division Rules Applied:

1. Maximize Onsets: Syllables attempt to include as many consonants as possible in the onset (beginning) of the syllable.
2. Avoid Stranded Consonants: Consonants are generally not left alone to form a syllable.
3. Vowel Nucleus: Each syllable must have a vowel nucleus.

Special Considerations:

• The /ʁ/ sound in French can be challenging to syllabify, as it can sometimes function as a syllable nucleus.
• Nasal vowels (like /ɔ̃/ in "tion") are treated as single vowel sounds for syllabification purposes.
• The word's length and complex morphology require careful application of the rules to avoid incorrect divisions.

Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is /paʁ.ti.ky.la.ʁi.za.sjɔ̃/, some regional variations might exist in the pronunciation of the /ʁ/ sound (e.g., uvular fricative vs. alveolar trill). These variations would not significantly alter the syllable division.