Hyphenation ofsous-ensembles
Syllable Division:
sous-en-sem-bles
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/su.z‿ɑ̃.sɑ̃bl/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0001
Stress falls on the last syllable, 'bles', which is the primary stressed syllable.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, containing a vowel and a consonant.
Closed syllable, containing a nasal vowel.
Closed syllable, containing a nasal vowel and a consonant.
Closed syllable, containing a consonant cluster and a vowel, and is the stressed syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: sous-
From Latin 'sub-', meaning 'under, below'. Indicates position or degree.
Root: ensemble
From Latin 'in simul', meaning 'together'. Noun meaning 'set, collection'.
Suffix: -s
French plural marker, from Latin. Indicates plurality.
A subset; a collection of elements that are all members of a larger set.
Translation: Subsets
Examples:
"Les sous-ensembles de cet ensemble sont bien définis."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar structure with a prefix and a compound root. Stress on the final syllable.
Similar prefix, but a different root. Stress on the final syllable.
The root alone, demonstrating the stress pattern.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Maximizing Onsets
French prefers to maximize the number of consonants in the onset of a syllable. Applied in 'en-sem-bles'.
Avoid Stranded Consonants
Consonants are generally not left at the end of a syllable unless they are part of a consonant cluster.
Liaison
Liaison affects pronunciation but doesn't change the orthographic syllable division.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The nasal vowels /ɑ̃/ can sometimes lead to ambiguity, but clear vowel boundaries guide the division.
Liaison between 'sous' and 'ensembles' is a common feature of French phonology.
Summary:
The word 'sous-ensembles' is divided into four syllables: sous-en-sem-bles. It consists of the prefix 'sous-', the root 'ensemble', and the plural suffix '-s'. Stress falls on the final syllable, 'bles'. Syllable division follows the rules of maximizing onsets and avoiding stranded consonants.
Detailed Analysis:
Analysis of "sous-ensembles"
1. Pronunciation: The word "sous-ensembles" is pronounced /su.z‿ɑ̃.sɑ̃bl/ in standard French. The liaison between "sous" and "ensembles" is common.
2. Syllable Division: The syllable division, adhering to the rule of maximizing onsets and avoiding stranded consonants, is: sous-en-sem-bles.
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: sous- (from Old French sos, ultimately from Latin sub- meaning "under, below"). Morphological function: preposition/prefix indicating position or degree.
- Root: ensemble (from Old French en semeble, ultimately from Latin in simul meaning "together"). Morphological function: noun, meaning "set, collection".
- Suffix: -s (French plural marker, from Latin). Morphological function: indicates plurality.
4. Stress Identification: In French, stress typically falls on the last syllable of a word or phrase. Therefore, the primary stress is on "bles".
5. Phonetic Transcription: /su.z‿ɑ̃.sɑ̃bl/
6. Edge Case Review: The liaison between "sous" and "ensembles" is a common feature of French phonology and affects the syllabification in connected speech. The nasal vowels /ɑ̃/ require careful consideration.
7. Grammatical Role: "Sous-ensembles" functions primarily as a noun (plural). The syllabification remains consistent regardless of its grammatical role within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: A subset; a collection of elements that are all members of a larger set.
- Translation: Subsets (English)
- Grammatical Category: Noun (masculine plural)
- Synonyms: sous-groupes, parties
- Antonyms: ensemble (the larger set)
- Examples: "Les sous-ensembles de cet ensemble sont bien définis." (The subsets of this set are well-defined.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- "sous-entendus": sous-en-ten-dus. Similar structure with a prefix and a compound root. Stress on the final syllable.
- "sous-vêtements": sous-vê-te-ments. Similar prefix, but a different root. Stress on the final syllable.
- "ensembles": en-sem-bles. The root alone, demonstrating the stress pattern.
The consistent stress on the final syllable and the tendency to maximize onsets are observed across these words. The presence of the prefix "sous-" doesn't alter the stress pattern.
10. Division Rules:
- Rule 1: Maximizing Onsets: French prefers to maximize the number of consonants in the onset of a syllable. This is applied in "en-sem-bles" where 'en' forms an onset.
- Rule 2: Avoid Stranded Consonants: Consonants are generally not left at the end of a syllable unless they are part of a consonant cluster.
- Rule 3: Liaison: Liaison affects pronunciation but doesn't change the orthographic syllable division.
11. Special Considerations: The nasal vowels /ɑ̃/ can sometimes lead to ambiguity in syllabification, but in this case, the clear vowel boundaries guide the division.
12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations: While standard French pronunciation is described above, regional variations might exist in the degree of liaison or the precise articulation of nasal vowels. These variations would not fundamentally alter the syllable division.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.