Hyphenation ofsous-utilisâtes

Analysis of "sous-utilisâtes" (French)

1. Pronunciation:

The word "sous-utilisâtes" is pronounced approximately as /su.ti.li.za.te/. The 's' at the end is silent.

2. Syllable Division:

The syllable division, adhering to the rule of maximizing onsets and respecting vowel clusters, is: sous-u-ti-li-sâ-tes.

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: sous- (Latin origin, meaning "under," "below"). Morphological function: adverbial prefix, indicating insufficiency or incompleteness.
• Root: utilis- (Latin utilis, meaning "useful"). Morphological function: adjective root.
• Suffix: -âtes (French suffix). Morphological function: 2nd person plural imperfect indicative verb ending. This is derived from the Latin past participle ending -atus combined with the imperfect indicative ending.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: sâ. This is typical for French words.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/su.ti.li.za.te/

6. Edge Case Review:

The vowel cluster "utili" presents a potential challenge. However, French allows for such clusters, and the division between 'ti' and 'li' is preferred as it avoids creating a consonant cluster at the beginning of a syllable. The silent 's' at the end doesn't affect syllabification, but it does affect pronunciation.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is the 2nd person plural imperfect indicative form of the verb "sous-utiliser" (to underutilize). Syllabification remains consistent regardless of the verb's tense or person.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: The 2nd person plural imperfect indicative of the verb "sous-utiliser". It means "you (plural) were underutilizing".
• Part of Speech: Verb (imperfect indicative)
• Translation: You (plural) were underutilizing.
• Synonyms: (depending on context) vous négligiez, vous sous-employiez.
• Antonyms: vous optimisiez, vous exploitiez pleinement.
• Examples: "Vous sous-utilisâtes les ressources disponibles." (You were underutilizing the available resources.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• "utilisez" (you utilize): u-ti-li-sez. Similar structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
• "sous-marin" (submarine): sous-ma-rin. Similar prefix, stress on the final syllable.
• "formalités" (formalities): for-ma-li-tés. Similar suffix, stress on the penultimate syllable.

The differences in syllable division are primarily due to the varying vowel and consonant clusters within the root and suffix. The prefix "sous-" consistently forms its own syllable.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Onset Maximization: French prefers to maximize onsets (consonant sounds at the beginning of a syllable). This is why "u-ti" is preferred over "sou-u".
• Rule 2: Vowel Clusters: Vowel clusters are generally broken up in a way that avoids creating illegal consonant clusters.
• Rule 3: Stress-timed Rhythm: French is a syllable-timed language, but stress still plays a role in syllable prominence.

11. Special Considerations:

The silent 's' at the end of the word is a common feature of French and doesn't affect the syllabification process. The presence of the circumflex accent (â) doesn't directly impact syllabification but indicates a historical 's' that has been lost, influencing pronunciation.