Hyphenation ofsupranationale

Analysis of "supranationale"

1. Pronunciation: The word "supranationale" is pronounced /sy.pʁa.na.sjɔ.nal/ in standard French.

2. Syllable Division: The syllable division, adhering to the rule of maximizing onsets and avoiding stranded consonants, is as follows (using only the original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: supra- (Latin origin, meaning "above," "beyond"). Morphological function: indicates a higher level or degree.
• Root: nation- (Latin origin, from natio meaning "birth, race, people"). Morphological function: denotes the concept of a nation.
• Suffix: -ale (French suffix, derived from Latin -alis). Morphological function: forms an adjective.

4. Stress Identification: In French, stress typically falls on the last syllable of a word or a group of words. In this case, the stress falls on the final syllable: /na.sjɔ.nal/.

5. Phonetic Transcription: /sy.pʁa.na.sjɔ.nal/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

• su-: /sy/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No consonant clusters prevent division here. Exception: The 'u' is often elided in rapid speech.
• pra-: /pʁa/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel follows a consonant, creating a natural syllable break.
• na-: /na/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel follows a consonant.
• sjo-: /sjɔ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster (/sj/) followed by a vowel. The 'j' is a palatal approximant and forms part of the onset.
• nal-: /nal/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster (/nl/) followed by a vowel.

7. Edge Case Review: French syllable structure generally avoids consonant clusters at the end of syllables, but /sj/ and /nl/ are permissible, especially when part of a morpheme.

8. Grammatical Role: "Supranationale" is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Relating to or involving multiple nations; transcending national boundaries.
• Translation: Supranational
• Grammatical Category: Adjective
• Synonyms: international, transnational, multinational
• Antonyms: national, domestic
• Examples: "une organisation supranationale" (a supranational organization); "les pouvoirs supranationaux" (supranational powers).

10. Phonological Comparison:

• nationale: /na.sjɔ.nal/ - Syllabification is identical to "supranationale" after the initial 'su-'.
• internationale: /ɛ̃.tɛʁ.na.sjɔ.nal/ - Similar syllable structure, with an initial consonant cluster.
• communale: /kɔ.my.nal/ - Simpler syllable structure, but demonstrates the typical French pattern of stress on the final syllable.

11. Division Rules:

• Maximize Onsets: Attempt to include as many consonants as possible in the onset of a syllable.
• Vowel Nucleus: Each syllable must contain a vowel nucleus.
• Avoid Stranded Consonants: Avoid leaving consonants without a vowel to form a syllable.
• Final Syllable Stress: Stress generally falls on the final syllable.

12. Special Considerations: The 'u' in 'su-' can be elided in connected speech, affecting the phonetic realization but not the orthographic syllable division.