Hyphenation ofparapsicologica
Syllable Division:
pa-ra-psi-co-lo-gi-ca
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/paraψikoˈlɔdʒika/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0000100
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('lo').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable.
Closed syllable, contains consonant cluster 'ps'
Open syllable.
Open, stressed syllable.
Open syllable, 'gi' pronounced as /dʒi/
Open syllable, final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: para-
Greek origin, meaning 'beside, beyond, against'. Prefix indicating abnormality.
Root: psico-
Greek origin, from 'psyche' meaning 'mind, soul'. Root denoting mental aspects.
Suffix: -logica
Greek origin, from 'logikos' meaning 'relating to study'. Indicates a field of study and feminine gender.
Relating to parapsychology, the study of psychic phenomena.
Translation: Parapsychological
Examples:
"Ricerca parapsicologica"
"Una donna parapsicologica"
A person who studies parapsychology.
Translation: Parapsychologist
Examples:
"Una parapsicologica esperta"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the root 'psico-' and suffix '-logica', similar syllable structure.
Shares the suffix '-logica', demonstrating consistent application of the suffix.
Shares the suffix '-logica', demonstrating consistent application of the suffix.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel-Consonant Division
Syllables are divided after vowels unless part of a diphthong or triphthong.
Consonant Cluster Maintenance
Consonant clusters are generally kept together within a syllable.
Penultimate Stress Rule
Italian words ending in a vowel typically have stress on the penultimate syllable.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The 'ps' cluster is common in Italian. The 'gi' is pronounced as /dʒi/. No significant regional variations affect syllabification.
Summary:
The word 'parapsicologica' is divided into seven syllables: pa-ra-psi-co-lo-gi-ca. It's composed of the prefix 'para-', the root 'psico-', and the suffix '-logica'. Stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('lo'). Syllabification follows standard Italian vowel-consonant division rules and the penultimate stress rule.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "parapsicologica" (Italian)
1. Pronunciation Examination:
The word "parapsicologica" is pronounced with a relatively straightforward application of Italian phonological rules. It features a mix of open and closed syllables, and the stress falls on the penultimate syllable.
2. Syllable Division:
The syllable division, adhering to Italian rules, is as follows (using only the original letters): pa-ra-psi-co-lo-gi-ca
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: para- (Greek origin, meaning "beside," "beyond," or "against"). Morphological function: prefix indicating an abnormality or deviation.
- Root: psico- (Greek origin, from psyche meaning "mind," "soul"). Morphological function: root denoting mental or psychological aspects.
- Suffix: -logica (Greek origin, from logikos meaning "relating to study"). Morphological function: suffix indicating a field of study or science. This suffix also indicates the feminine gender and singular number, as it's an adjective.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: "lo".
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/paraψikoˈlɔdʒika/
6. Edge Case Review:
Italian syllable structure generally favors open syllables (ending in a vowel). The "ps" cluster is a common initial consonant cluster, and the "lc" cluster is also permissible, though it requires careful articulation. No major exceptions are present.
7. Grammatical Role:
"Parapsicologica" functions primarily as an adjective (feminine singular) meaning "parapsychological". It can also function as a noun (feminine singular) referring to a person who studies parapsychology. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of the grammatical role.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to parapsychology, the study of psychic phenomena.
- Translation: Parapsychological (English)
- Grammatical Category: Adjective (feminine singular), Noun (feminine singular)
- Synonyms: (Italian) extrasensoriale, psichica (in certain contexts)
- Antonyms: razionale, scientifica
- Examples:
- "Ricerca parapsicologica" (Parapsychological research)
- "Una donna parapsicologica" (A parapsychological woman)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- psicologica: pa-si-co-lo-gi-ca. Similar syllable structure, stress on the penultimate syllable. The difference lies in the initial consonant cluster.
- sociologica: so-cio-lo-gi-ca. Similar syllable structure, stress on the penultimate syllable. Demonstrates the consistent application of the -logica suffix.
- biologica: bi-o-lo-gi-ca. Similar syllable structure, stress on the penultimate syllable. Highlights the consistent application of the -logica suffix and vowel-initial syllables.
Detailed Syllable Analysis:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Description | Rule Applied | Exceptions/Special Cases |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| pa | /pa/ | Open syllable | Vowel-consonant structure | None |
| ra | /ra/ | Open syllable | Vowel-consonant structure | None |
| psi | /psi/ | Closed syllable | Consonant cluster followed by vowel | "ps" cluster is common in Italian |
| co | /ko/ | Open syllable | Vowel-consonant structure | None |
| lo | /lo/ | Open syllable, stressed | Vowel-consonant structure, penultimate stress | None |
| gi | /dʒi/ | Open syllable | Consonant cluster followed by vowel | "gi" represents /dʒi/ |
| ca | /ka/ | Open syllable | Vowel-consonant structure | None |
Exceptions/Special Cases (Word-Level):
The "ps" cluster is a common initial consonant cluster in Italian, and the "lc" cluster is permissible. The stress pattern is typical for Italian words ending in "-ica".
Division Rules Applied:
- Vowel-Consonant: Syllables are typically divided after vowels.
- Consonant Clusters: Consonant clusters are generally maintained within a syllable unless they are easily separable (which isn't the case here).
- Penultimate Stress: Italian words ending in a vowel typically have stress on the penultimate syllable.
Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Regional variations in pronunciation are minimal for this word. Some speakers might slightly reduce the vowel in unstressed syllables.
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