Hyphenation ofretrogradazione
Syllable Division:
re-tro-gra-da-zió-ne
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/retroɡradatˈtsjoːne/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000011
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('zió').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable, contains a consonant cluster.
Open syllable, part of the root.
Open syllable, linking syllable.
Stressed syllable, contains a diphthong and the 'z' sound.
Open syllable, final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: retro-
Latin origin, meaning 'backward'.
Root: grad-
Latin origin (*gradus*), meaning 'step, degree'.
Suffix: -azione
Italian nominalizing suffix derived from Latin *-ationem*.
A process of going backward, a lowering of rank or status, or a regression.
Translation: Retrogradation, downgrading, regression.
Examples:
"La retrogradazione del dipendente è stata una decisione difficile."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the *-azione* suffix and penultimate stress.
Shares the *-azione* suffix and penultimate stress.
Shares the root *grad-* and the *-azione* suffix, and penultimate stress.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel-Consonant-Vowel
Syllables are generally divided between vowels.
Consonant Clusters
Consonant clusters are maintained within a syllable unless unpronounceable.
Penultimate Stress
Italian words ending in a vowel generally have stress on the penultimate syllable.
Avoid Single Intervocalic Consonant
A single consonant between vowels is usually attached to the following vowel.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The 'z' sound can be voiced or voiceless depending on its position; here it's voiceless /ts/.
Summary:
The word 'retrogradazione' is divided into six syllables: re-tro-gra-da-zió-ne. The stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('zió'). It's a noun formed from the prefix 'retro-', the root 'grad-', and the suffix '-azione'. Syllabification follows standard Italian rules of vowel-consonant division and stress placement.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "retrogradazione" (Italian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "retrogradazione" is a noun in Italian, meaning "retrogradation" or "downgrading." It's a relatively complex word formed through derivation and compounding. Pronunciation follows standard Italian phonological rules, with attention to vowel quality and consonant articulation.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Italian syllabification rules, the word divides as follows (see JSON output for the exact orthographic representation).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: retro- (Latin, meaning "backward," "behind") - Prefixes in Italian generally remain attached to the root and are considered part of the syllable they begin.
- Root: grad- (Latin gradus, meaning "step," "degree") - The core meaning relating to steps or levels.
- Suffix: -azione (Italian, derived from Latin -ationem) - Nominalizing suffix, turning the verb retrogradare into a noun.
- Suffix: -e (Italian) - A common suffix that doesn't change the meaning, but affects pronunciation.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: re-tro-gra-da-zió-ne.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/retroɡradatˈtsjoːne/
6. Edge Case Review:
Italian syllabification generally avoids leaving a single consonant between vowels. This rule is observed in this word. The 'z' is part of the stressed syllable, and the 'gr' cluster is maintained.
7. Grammatical Role:
"Retrogradazione" primarily functions as a noun. While a verb retrogradare exists, the noun form doesn't significantly alter syllabification or stress.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: A process of going backward, a lowering of rank or status, or a regression.
- Translation: Retrogradation, downgrading, regression.
- Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine)
- Synonyms: regressione, declassamento, involuzione
- Antonyms: promozione, avanzamento, evoluzione
- Examples: "La retrogradazione del dipendente è stata una decisione difficile." (The employee's downgrading was a difficult decision.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- innovazione: in-no-va-zi-ó-ne - Similar suffix -azione, stress on the penultimate syllable.
- situazione: si-tu-a-zi-ó-ne - Similar suffix -azione, stress on the penultimate syllable.
- degradazione: de-gra-da-zi-ó-ne - Shares the root grad- and the suffix -azione, stress on the penultimate syllable.
These words demonstrate a consistent pattern of stress placement and syllabification with the -azione suffix. The initial consonant clusters are also handled similarly.
10. Division Rules:
- Rule 1: Vowel-Consonant-Vowel: Syllables are generally divided between vowels. (e.g., re-tro)
- Rule 2: Consonant Clusters: Consonant clusters are maintained within a syllable unless they are unpronounceable. (e.g., grad)
- Rule 3: Penultimate Stress: Italian words ending in a vowel generally have stress on the penultimate syllable.
- Rule 4: Avoid Single Intervocalic Consonant: A single consonant between vowels is usually attached to the following vowel.
11. Special Considerations:
The 'z' sound in Italian can be voiced or voiceless depending on its position. In this word, it's voiceless /ts/ due to its position before 'io'.
12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Regional variations in Italian pronunciation are minimal for this word. However, some southern dialects might slightly alter vowel quality.
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