Hyphenation ofdrieënzeventigjarige
Syllable Division:
dri-ën-ze-ven-tig-jaar-i-ge
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˈdri.ən.zə.vən.tɪx.jaː.rə.ɣə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00000100
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable 'jaar'.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable (CV), unstressed.
Open syllable (CV), unstressed, reduced vowel.
Open syllable (CV), unstressed.
Open syllable (CV), unstressed.
Open syllable (CV), unstressed.
Open syllable (CV), stressed, long vowel.
Open syllable (V), unstressed.
Open syllable (CV), unstressed.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: drie-
Proto-Germanic origin, meaning 'three'
Root: zeven-
Proto-Germanic origin, meaning 'seven'
Suffix: -ënzeventigjarige
Combination of connecting element '-tig' and suffix '-jarige' indicating 'year-old'
Seventy-three-year-old
Translation: Seventy-three-year-old
Examples:
"De drieënzeventigjarige man wandelde langzaam."
"Zij is een drieënzeventigjarige vrouw."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar compound adjective structure with the '-jarige' suffix.
Similar compound adjective structure with the '-jarige' suffix.
Shares the '-tigjarige' suffix and similar stress pattern.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Preference
Dutch favors open syllables (CV) whenever possible.
Avoidance of Complex Onsets
Consonant clusters are generally not broken unless necessary.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The 'ën' syllable contains a reduced vowel and could be analyzed differently in some theoretical frameworks.
Regional variations in vowel pronunciation exist but do not affect syllabification.
Summary:
The word 'drieënzeventigjarige' is a compound adjective meaning 'seventy-three-year-old'. It is syllabified based on Dutch rules favoring open syllables, with primary stress on the penultimate syllable 'jaar'. The word is morphologically complex, built from prefixes, roots, and suffixes of Germanic origin.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "drieënzeventigjarige" (Dutch)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "drieënzeventigjarige" means "seventy-three-year-old" in Dutch. It's a compound adjective. Pronunciation involves a complex sequence of vowels and consonants, typical of Dutch compound words.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Dutch syllabification rules, which generally favor open syllables (CV) and avoid breaking up consonant clusters unless absolutely necessary, the division is as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- drie-: Prefix, meaning "three" (origin: Proto-Germanic *þrīz).
- -ën-: Inflectional element, indicating a plural or collective sense (origin: Proto-Germanic).
- zeven-: Root, meaning "seven" (origin: Proto-Germanic *sebun).
- tig-: Connecting element, forming numbers between ten and twenty (origin: Proto-Germanic *tigwaz).
- -jarige: Suffix, meaning "year-old" (origin: Dutch jaar "year" + -ig "having the quality of" + -e adjectival ending).
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: "jaar-i-ge".
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˈdri.ən.zə.vən.tɪx.jaː.rə.ɣə/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Rule Explanation | Potential Exceptions |
|---|---|---|---|
| dri | /dri/ | Open syllable (CV). | None |
| ën | /ən/ | Open syllable (CV). | The 'ë' is a schwa and can sometimes be reduced further in rapid speech. |
| ze | /zə/ | Open syllable (CV). | None |
| ven | /vən/ | Open syllable (CV). | None |
| tig | /tɪx/ | Open syllable (CV). | None |
| jaar | /jaːr/ | Open syllable (CV). | The 'aa' is a long vowel. |
| i | /i/ | Open syllable (V). | None |
| ge | /ɣə/ | Open syllable (CV). | The 'g' is a voiced velar fricative. |
7. Edge Case Review:
Dutch allows for some flexibility in compound word syllabification, but the above division is the most common and phonologically justifiable. The 'ën' syllable is a slight edge case, as it's a reduced vowel and could potentially be analyzed differently in some theoretical frameworks.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of whether it modifies a noun.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: drieënzeventigjarige
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Definitions:
- "Seventy-three-year-old"
- "Being seventy-three years of age"
- Translation: Seventy-three-year-old
- Synonyms: None readily available as it's a specific age.
- Antonyms: jong (young)
- Examples:
- "De drieënzeventigjarige man wandelde langzaam." (The seventy-three-year-old man walked slowly.)
- "Zij is een drieënzeventigjarige vrouw." (She is a seventy-three-year-old woman.)
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Regional variations in vowel pronunciation exist in Dutch, but they don't significantly alter the syllabification. Some speakers might pronounce the 'g' as a harder sound, but this doesn't affect syllable boundaries.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- eenentwintigjarige (twenty-one-year-old): ee-nen-twin-tig-ja-ri-ge. Similar structure, compound adjective, stress on the penultimate syllable.
- achtentwintigjarige (twenty-eight-year-old): ach-ten-twin-tig-ja-ri-ge. Similar structure, compound adjective, stress on the penultimate syllable.
- vijftigjarige (fifty-year-old): vijf-tig-ja-ri-ge. Shorter, but shares the "-tigjarige" suffix and similar stress pattern.
The consistency in these examples demonstrates the regular application of Dutch syllabification rules to compound adjectives. The primary difference lies in the initial number components.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.