Hyphenation ofgebruiksvriendelijkheid
Syllable Division:
ge-bruik-svriend-lijk-heid
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ɣəˈbrukfɾindəlɛi̯kɦɛit/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00100
Primary stress falls on the antepenultimate syllable ('vriend').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, part of the root.
Complex syllable, containing a connecting vowel and the root 'vriend'. Stressed syllable.
Open syllable, containing a diphthong.
Open syllable, nominalizing suffix.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: ge-
Germanic nominalizing prefix.
Root: bruik-
From 'gebruiken' (to use), Germanic origin.
Suffix: -svriendelijkheid
Combination of connecting vowel, 'vriend', adjectival suffix '-elijk', and nominalizing suffix '-heid'.
The quality of being easy to use or understand.
Translation: User-friendliness
Examples:
"De website staat bekend om zijn gebruiksvriendelijkheid."
"Het ontwerp is gericht op gebruiksvriendelijkheid."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar structure with multiple suffixes.
Similar suffix structure (*-lijk-heid*).
Similar prefix (*toe-*) and suffix (*-heid*).
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Preference
Dutch favors open syllables (CV), leading to the separation of morphemes like 'ge-', 'bruik', 'vriend', 'lijk', and 'heid'.
Consonant Cluster Preservation
Consonant clusters like 'br' are generally kept together within a syllable.
Compound Word Syllabification
Compound words are syllabified based on the individual morphemes that compose them.
Stress Placement
Stress typically falls on the antepenultimate syllable in Dutch words of this length.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The connecting vowel '-sv-' doesn't typically create a separate syllable.
Regional variations in the pronunciation of /ɣ/ are possible.
Summary:
The word 'gebruiksvriendelijkheid' is a complex Dutch noun meaning 'user-friendliness'. It's divided into five syllables: ge-bruik-svriend-lijk-heid, with primary stress on 'vriend'. The syllabification follows Dutch rules favoring open syllables and preserving consonant clusters. It's a compound word built from a prefix, root, and multiple suffixes.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "gebruiksvriendelijkheid" (Dutch)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "gebruiksvriendelijkheid" is a complex Dutch noun meaning "user-friendliness." It's a compound word built from several morphemes. Pronunciation involves a mix of vowel qualities and consonant clusters typical of Dutch.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Dutch syllabification rules, which generally favor open syllables (CV) and avoid breaking up consonant clusters unless absolutely necessary, the division is as follows (see JSON output for the orthographic representation).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: ge- (Germanic origin, functions as a nominalizing prefix, creating a noun from a verb or adjective)
- Root: bruik- (from the verb gebruiken "to use," Germanic origin)
- Suffixes:
- -sv- (connecting vowel, common in Dutch compound words, Germanic origin)
- -riend- (from vriend "friend," Germanic origin)
- -elijk- (adjectival suffix, Latin origin via French, meaning "friendly, -able")
- -heid (nominalizing suffix, Germanic origin, forming abstract nouns)
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the antepenultimate syllable: vriend-e-lijk-heid.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ɣəˈbrukfɾindəlɛi̯kɦɛit/
6. Edge Case Review:
Dutch syllabification can be tricky with consonant clusters. The cluster br is generally kept together. The vriend portion is a common element and is treated as a single unit.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is exclusively a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its function within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: The quality of being easy to use or understand.
- Translation: User-friendliness
- Grammatical Category: Noun
- Synonyms: gebruiksgemak, eenvoud (simplicity)
- Antonyms: ingewikkeldheid (complexity)
- Examples:
- "De website staat bekend om zijn gebruiksvriendelijkheid." (The website is known for its user-friendliness.)
- "Het ontwerp is gericht op gebruiksvriendelijkheid." (The design is focused on user-friendliness.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- "computerisering" (computerization): com-pu-te-ri-se-ring. Similar structure with multiple suffixes. Stress falls on te.
- "verantwoordelijkheid" (responsibility): ver-ant-woor-de-lijk-heid. Similar suffix structure (-lijk-heid). Stress falls on woor.
- "toegankelijkheid" (accessibility): toe-gan-kelijk-heid. Similar prefix (toe-) and suffix (-heid). Stress falls on gan.
The differences in stress placement are due to the varying weight and prominence of the root morphemes. gebruik is a relatively strong root, attracting the stress.
10. Division Rules:
- Rule 1: Open Syllable Preference: Dutch favors open syllables (CV). This is why ge-, bruik, vriend, lijk, and heid are separated.
- Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Preservation: Consonant clusters like br are generally kept together within a syllable.
- Rule 3: Compound Word Syllabification: Compound words are syllabified based on the individual morphemes.
- Rule 4: Stress Placement: Stress typically falls on the antepenultimate syllable in Dutch words of this length.
11. Special Considerations:
The connecting vowel -sv- is a common feature in Dutch compound words and doesn't typically create a separate syllable on its own. The pronunciation of /ɣ/ can vary regionally.
12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Some speakers might slightly reduce the vowel in the unstressed syllables, but the syllable division remains the same. Regional variations in vowel quality are possible, but do not affect the syllabification.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.